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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
all the activities necessary to turn raw materials into a good or service and put it in the hands of the consumer or business customer
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supply chain
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obtaining outside vendors to provide goods or services
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outsourcing
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the management of flows among firms in the supply chain to maximize total profitability
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supply chain management
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a practice in which a company contracts with a specialist firm to handle all or part of its supply chain operations
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insourcing
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the series of firms or individuals that facilitates the movement of a product from the producer to the final customer
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channel of distribution
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firms or individuals such as wholesalers, agents, brokers, or retailers who help move a product from the producer to the consumer or business user, an older term is "middlemen"
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channel intermediaries
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dividing larger queantities of goods into smaller lots in order to meet the needs of buyers
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breaking bulk
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providing a veriety of products in one location to meed the needs of buyers
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creating assortments
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functions of channel intermediaries that make the purchase process easier for customers and manufacturers
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facilitating functions
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the elimination of some layers of the channel of distribution in order to cut costs and improve the efficiency of the channel
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disintermediation
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a comprehensive approach to collecting organizing, storing, and retrieving a firm's info assets
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knowledge management
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the theft and unauthorized repurposing of intellectual property via the internet
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online distribution piracy
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firms that handle the flow of products from the manufacturer to the retailer or business user
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wholesaling intermediaries
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channel intermediaries that are not controlled by any manufacturer but instead do business with many different manufacturers and many different customers
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independent intermediaries
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intermediaries that buy goods from manufacturers (take title to them) and sell to retailers and other business to business customers
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merchant wholesalers
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to accept legal ownership of a product and assume the accompanying rights and responsibilities of ownership
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take title
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provide a wide range of services for customers, have own sales force to distribute and sell items from manufacturers
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full service merchant wholesalers
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have fewer services than full service but still take title to the merchandise
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limited service merchant wholesalers
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provide products for small business customers who purchase at wholesaler's location
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cash and carry wholesalers
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deliver perishable food and tobacco items to retailers
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truck jobbers
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take orders from and bill retailers for products drop shipped from manufacturer
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drop shippers
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sell through catalogs, telephone, or mail order
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mail order wholesalers
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provide retialers with display units, check inventories, and replace merchandise for the retailers
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rack jobbers
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channel intermediaries that provide services in exchange for commissions but never take title to the product
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merchandise agents or brokers
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use independent salespeople; carry several lines of noncompeting products
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manufacturers' agents
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handle entire output of one or more products
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selling agents; export/import brokers
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receive commission on sales price of product
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commission merchants
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identify likely buyers and bring buyers and sellers together
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merchandise brokers; including export/import brokers
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maintain some inventory in defferent geographic areas
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sales branches
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carry no inventory; availability in different geographic areas
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sales offices
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display products attractively for customers to visit
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manufacturers' showrooms
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the number of distinct categories of intermediaries that populate a channel of distribution
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channel levels
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shortest indirect channel
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producer-retailer-consumer channel
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common distribution indirect channel
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producer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer channel
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a marketing system that uses a number of different channels and communication methods to serve a target market
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hybrid marketing system
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a fee paid in exchange for agreeing to place a manufacturer's products on a retailer's valuable shelf space
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slotting allowance
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a multiple-level distribution channel in chich channel members work independently of one another
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conventional marketing system
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a channel of distribution in chich there is formal cooperation among members at the manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing levels
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vertical marketing system VMS
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channel members remain independent but voluntarily work together because of the power of a single channel member
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administered VMS
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a single firm owns manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing operations
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corporate VMS
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cooperation is enforced by contracts that spell out each member's rights and responsibilities and how they will cooperate
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contractual VMS
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an arrangement within a channel of distribution in which two or more firms at the same channel level work together for a common pupose
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horizontal marketing system
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selling a product through all suitable wholesalers or retailers that are willing to stock and sell the product
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intensive distribution
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selling a product only through a single outlet in a particular region
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exclusive distribution
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distribution using fewer outlets than intensive distribution but more than exclusive distribution
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selective distribution
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a firm at one level of distribution that takes a leadership role, establishing operating norms and processes based on its power relative to other channel members
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channel leader
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the process of designing, managing, and improving the movement of products throught the supply chain; logistics includes purchasing, manufacturing, storage, and transport
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logistics
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the activities that move finished goods from manufacturers to final customers, including order processing, warehousing, materials handling, transportation, and inventory control
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physical distribution
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the series of activities that occurs between the time an order comes into the organization and the time a product goes out the door
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order processing
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a software system that intergrates info from across the entire company, including finance, order fulfillment, manufacturing, and transportation and then facilitates sharing of the data throughout the firm
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enterprise resource planning systems ERP
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storing goods in anticipation of sale or transfer to another member of the channel of distribution
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warehousing
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the moving of products into, within, and out of warehouses
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materials handling
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the mode by which products move among channel members
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transportation
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activities to ensure that goods are always available to meet customers' demands
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inventory control
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product tags with tiny chips containing info about the item's content, origin, and destination
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RFID
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a supply chain metric that tracks multiple steps in getting a product from a manufacturer to a customer
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perfect order measurement
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