Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
189 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What drug do you use to prepare patients with pheo for adrenalectomy?
|
alpha blockers such as prazosin, daxazosin, and terazosin
|
|
|
What happens to macroprolactinomas during pregnancy?
|
they enlarge
|
|
|
Name the "3Ps" of MEN1
|
pituitary adenoma
hyperparathyroidism pancreatic islet cell disease |
|
|
Name the 2 best tests for screening for Cushing's Syndrome?
|
24-hr urine free cortisol excretion
the 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test |
|
|
How do you manage a patient who has osteoporosis and is getting worse in spite of bisphosphonate therapy (and has adequte vit D and calcium intake)
|
change to PTH agonist teriparatide
|
|
|
What would you worry about in a patient with symptoms of central DI and a thickened pituitary stalk?
|
infiltrative diseases such as sarcoid or Langerhan Cell Histiocytosis
|
|
|
Name the disease:
mental status changes hypothermia hyponatremia hypoventilation |
myxedema coma
|
|
|
Initial Management of Myxedema Coma
|
IV levothyroxine
hydrocortisone broad spectrum antibiotics |
|
|
What happens to the PSA when you give testosterone to a man with hypogonadism?
|
It doubles then stabilizes after 6 months. Any greater increase should prompt an eval for prostate CA
|
|
|
What are the FSH and LH like in hypogonadism?
|
low
|
|
|
In a patient with hyperthyroidism and an inappropriately normal TSH, what do you suspect?
|
a pituitary cause
|
|
|
Initial management of hypercalcemia?
|
IV hydration. No furosemide indicated anymore.
|
|
|
In which patients should one NOT use pioglitaone?
|
Heart failure patients - it causes edema and can exacerbate heart failure.
|
|
|
In a patient hospitalized for illness who is found to have elevated fasting glucose, what do you do next?
|
repeat the tests after they have been discharged and have stabilized.
|
|
|
How do you manage patients with hyperthyroidism and mild eye disease who cannot take methimazole?
|
radioactive iodine can be used if the eye disease is mild but give prednisone with it
|
|
|
In patient with biochemically proven Cushing's Syndrome who have a negative MRI, what do you do next?
|
bilateral petrosal sinus catheterization
|
|
|
Do you have to ultrasound someone with Hashimotos?
|
no
|
|
|
Can you use metformin or sulfonurea's in renal failure patients?
|
no
|
|
|
Can sitagliptin be used in renal failure patients?
|
yes.
|
|
|
Name the disease:
subacute migratory polyarthralgia & arthritis tenosynovitis pustular/vesicopustular or papular lesion |
disseminated gonoccocal infection
|
|
|
Which type of kidney injury is seen after prolonged ischemia?
|
acute tubular necrosis
|
|
|
What kidney injury should you think about when you see muddy brown casts?
|
acute tubular necrosis
|
|
|
what type of kidney injury does cisplatin cause?
|
acute tubular necrosis
|
|
|
What type of kidney injury do IV aminoglycosides cause?
|
acute tubular necrosis
|
|
|
what type of kidney injury does radiocontrast cause?
|
acute tubular necrosis
|
|
|
How many days after surgery is it safe to use recombinant tPA in a patient?
|
14 days (not counting head surgery)
|
|
|
Treatment of pancreative insufficiency
|
enzyme replacement
|
|
|
What is the most likely cause of renovascular hypertension in a young person?
|
fibromuscular dysplasia
|
|
|
How do you diagnose fibromuscular dysplasia (when you suspect a renovascular etiology of HTN in a young person)
|
intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography
|
|
|
What toxic state do you suspect in someone with an increased osmolar gap in the setting of positive serum and urine ketones and NO metabolic acidosis?
|
isopropyl alcohol poisoning
|
|
|
What is the imaging modality of choice in patients with complex kidney cysts or mass lesions who have ESRD on HD?
|
CT with contrast of the abdomen
|
|
|
Can people with SLE have increased levels of RF?
|
yes
|
|
|
Do people with SLE require DMARDS for joint deformities?
|
No, these are Jaccoud arthropaties and are reducible. While they mimic those or RA they are usually not erosive.
|
|
|
Management of a mild SLE flare:
|
hydroxychloroquine
|
|
|
What electrolyte disturbance might hospitalized alcoholic patients experience after resuscitation that causes confusion, rhabdo, hemalytic anemia, severe mm weakness
|
Hypophosphatemia
|
|
|
What do you use to assess mental status changes in mechanically ventilated ICU patients?
|
Confusion Assessment Method for ICU
|
|
|
Treatment of migraines in breastfeeding mothers
|
sumatriptan or frovatriptan
|
|
|
What is the most common cause of central adrenal insufficiency?
|
Use of exogenous corticosteroids
|
|
|
How can you prevent symptoms of allergic rhinitis when someone has a known allergen?
|
intranasal cromolyn sodium taken prior to exposure to allergen
|
|
|
What is the appropriate management of someone who has abnormal LFTs and increased ferritin?
|
screen them for HFE gene for hemochromatosis so family members can be screened?
|
|
|
What is the appropriate next step in patients with metabolic syndrome and persistantly elevated LFTs
|
liver biopsy
|
|
|
What is a possible consequence of the bowel prep agent sodium phosphate?
|
acute phosphate nephropathy --> AKI and increased phos
|
|
|
What disorder can cause recurrent serious infections in patients with CLL?
|
Hypogammagloinemia
|
|
|
Treatment of acute bacterial pneumonia and a parapneumonic effusion with septations
|
immediate pleural space drainage +/- fibrinolytic therapy
|
|
|
When you have very high suspicion for a ventricular arrhythmia in a patient with LV dysfunction should you do an event monitor before placing an ICD?
|
no
|
|
|
Treatment of CAP that occurs after influenza infection:
|
vanc and levo (because there is a higher likelihood of staph pneumonia
|
|
|
Treatment of BV
|
metronidazole for 7 days
|
|
|
Management of a spinal abscess in the setting of neurologic dysfunction < 36 hours
|
emergent laminectomy
|
|
|
Name the disease: inflammation of the cartilage of the nose, ears, trachea, joints triggered by local trauma
|
relapsing polychondritis
|
|
|
diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis
|
epicutaneous patch testing
|
|
|
Who cannot undergo carotid endarterectomy?
|
stenosis above the level of C2, radiation-induced stenosis, history of radical neck surgery
|
|
|
In a person who cannot undergo carotid endarterectomy, what is the next best procedure of choice
|
carotid angioplasty and stenting
|
|
|
When working a man up for hypogonadism, what is the next step when total testosterone is 200-350?
|
Check a free testosterone level
|
|
|
What is one of the most common causes of obstructive nephropathy in women?
|
cervical cancer
|
|
|
Treatment of mitral stenosis in pregnancy
|
beta blockade
|
|
|
Name the disease: dementia characterized by:
dream-enactment cognitive decline parkinsonianism visual hallucinations |
Dementia with Lewy Bodies
|
|
|
What is the next step in the work up of someone with asthma who has nocturnal symptoms?
|
Trial of PPI
|
|
|
What is the most effective method of diagnosis of tachycardia in the outpatient setting?
|
Continuous loop monitoring (better than 24-hr ambulatory monitoring)
|
|
|
Features suggestive of SVT (3)
|
termination with valsalva
sustained episodes specific triggers such as dehydration, caffeine, bending over |
|
|
Diagnostic test of choice in patients with atypical appearing non healing ulcers
|
skin biopsy
|
|
|
Goal TSH levels in patients s/p thyroidectomy due to mild thyroid cancer?
|
0.3-0.6
|
|
|
Name the disease: an insidious onset of myopathy, EMG shows mixed pattern of myopathic and neurogenic changes, moderately elevated CKs, asymmetric physical exam, EM shows vacuoles containing particles resembline myxovirus or paramyxovirus
|
inclusion body myositis
|
|
|
What is the most imminent danger after SAH?
|
Re-bleeding
|
|
|
Name the disease: Kussmaul's sign (elevated JVP with inspiration) and an early diastolic sound
|
Constrictive Pericarditis
|
|
|
Treatment of a patient with PAN and hepatitis B
|
short term high dose corticosteroids
lamivudine |
|
|
Name the disease: constitutional symptoms, peripheral neuropathy, rash, skin biopsy showing necrotizing vasculitis, testicular pain
|
PAN
|
|
|
What disease is see in in 50% of patients with PAN?
|
Hepatitis B
|
|
|
What is the next step? A patient with persistently elevated CK and proximal mm weakness...
|
proximal mm MRI to identify if muscle inflammation present and to identify a biopsy site
|
|
|
Evaluation of a solitary pulmonary nodule always begins by:
|
evaluation of prior imaging studies, if available
|
|
|
Diagnostic Criteria for Bulemia Nervousa
|
Episodes of binging at least 2x/wk for 3+ mo followed by purging or other compensatory behavior such as exercising.
|
|
|
In a patient with newly diagnosed likely advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, after EGD the next step in staging is:
|
a CT scan of the abdomen to assess for metastatic disease. H. Pylori testing is done in early stage disease only.
|
|
|
Name the disease: limb weakness & fasciculations, atrophy, brisk deep tendon reflexes, extensor plantar responses, +/- tongue atrophy and fasciculations
|
ALS
|
|
|
What do you do with a patient with a new TIA in the past 24 hours and a moderate ABCD2 score?
|
Admit them to the ER/hospital for urgent evaluation because stroke recurrence is highest in the first two days and imaging procedures for identifiable causes can be expidited.
|
|
|
What is unique about the FENa in patients with chronic kidney disease and prerenal azotemia?
|
It can be > 1%
|
|
|
What cancer is immunostain CK-7 suggestive of?
|
breast
|
|
|
Women with axillary lymph node mets of adenoCA and unknown primary with immunostain CK-7 should be treated how?
|
Stage II breast CA with R mastectomy and axillary LN dissection
|
|
|
Management of mild-to-moderate ulcerative proctitis
|
topical mesalamine
|
|
|
Management of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer:
|
thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine-131.
|
|
|
What is the work up of a multi-nodular goiter?
|
Essentially the same as solitary nodules, with size (>1cm) & ultrasound characteristics used as selection for biopsy.
|
|
|
Management of IgA nephropathy:
|
ACEi or ARB + pulse dose corticosteroids
|
|
|
Name the disease: persistant hematuria and proteinuria, HTN, biopsy shows mesangioproliferative lesions throughout all glomeruli with cellular proliferation
|
IgA Nephropathy
|
|
|
What disease is most commonly associated with vitiligo?
|
Autoimmune thyroid disease - should check a TSH in a patient with vitiligo.
|
|
|
What is the best diagnostic test to evaluate oropharyngeal dysphagia?
|
Videofluoroscopy (i.e. Barium swallow)
|
|
|
How do you tell apart oropharyngeal from esophopharyngeal dysphagia?
|
In oropharyngeal dysphasia is usually liquids only, cough associated with the swallowing difficulty, and symptoms occur immediately upon initiation of a swallow.
|
|
|
What do you do with an epileptic patient who has been seizure free for several years but whose medication is slightly subtheraputic by lab value?
|
leave it, go based on side effects and clinical symptoms rather than strict lab values.
|
|
|
Treatment of vaginal trichomonas
|
one day of metronidazole
|
|
|
Modality to use to help the healing of a diabetic ulcer
|
contrast casting
|
|
|
BNP levels in obese persons - what's up?
|
They are lower even in heart failure.
|
|
|
What is the ACTH level like in subclinical cushing's syndrome due to a functioning adrenal incidenteloma?
|
very low or zero, because the adrenal gland is functioning independent of the pituitary (i.e. ACTH-independent adrenal adenoma). ACTH will be suppressed by the cortisol being inappropriately secreted.
|
|
|
What are the characteristics of an adrenal adenoma that needs to be removed
|
>6cm (or 4-6)
>20 Hounsfield units high vascularity any level of functionality |
|
|
What is the next step in a patient with angina symptoms and signs of heart failure?
|
Cardiac Catheterization
|
|
|
How long do you have to bridge to warfarin for new DVT?
|
5 days at least, with at least two measurements of INR >2
|
|
|
In patients who are too sick for surgery, what is an alternative treatment of achalasia?
|
botulin toxin injection
|
|
|
Treatment of severe community aquired pneumonia in a PCN-allergic patient.
|
fluiroquinolone and aztreonam
|
|
|
How do you monitor respiratory status in a patient with tenuous status secondary to neuromuscular weakness disease such as MG?
|
serial vital capacity (ABGs don't work in these patient's whose CO2 typically goes down)
|
|
|
Treatment of delerium in an elderly ICU patient
|
haldol
|
|
|
What is the first vent management to treat a patient with ARDS and severe hypoxemia?
|
increase PEEP
|
|
|
Name two pharmacologic reatments for urge incontinence
|
oxybutynin or tolterodine
|
|
|
Management of a woman with chronic pelvic pain and completely normal medical work up (inlc imaging)
|
CBT
|
|
|
What is this: a person using an inhaled corticosteroid or a fluorinated topical steroid on the face gets a pustular and papular rash around his or her mouth
|
perioral dermatitis
|
|
|
Name the cancer: young never smoker, indolent, endobronchial obstruction
|
carcinoid tumor
|
|
|
What is the first step in management for a patient who presents with a papillary mm rupture with severe MR and in cardiogenic shock?
|
Urgent mitral valve repair (will concurrent cath to see if any other areas of ischemia can be reversed.
|
|
|
When a person on a seizure med is not responding, what is the next step?
|
Taper over to a different seizure med. Monotherapy is preferred over polytherapy. Surgery isn't considered until at least two seizure meds have been tried.
|
|
|
What electrolyte abnormality can be seen in patients treated with pentamadine, amiloride, triampterene and trimethoprim?
|
Hypokalemia due to impared kidney potassium excretion.
|
|
|
Name the disease: acute inflammatory arthritis of the ankles, erythema nodosum and hilar lymphadenopathy
|
Lofgren syndrome, a variant of sarcoidosis
|
|
|
What is the imaging procedure you do when a patient presents with abdominal pain radiating to the back and elevated pancreatic enzymes?
|
ultrasound, to identify gallstones.
|
|
|
What can happen if you have DI treated with desmopressin and drink a lot of water?
|
profound hyponatremia.
|
|
|
Name (2) major benefits of exenatide
|
Exenatide, the GLP-1 agonist, causes weight loss and is not associated with hypoglycemia.
|
|
|
Name the disease: early onset of COPD, bilateral basilar disease (panacinar)
|
alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
|
|
|
Diagnosis of AL
|
presence of serum or urine monoclonal protein and amyloid deposition on tissue biopsy (abdominal fat pad least invasive)
|
|
|
What are women with DM1 more susceptible to postpartum?
|
post partum thyrotoxicosis
|
|
|
What other endocrine disorder can cause poorly controlled glucose in DM1 patients post partum?
|
hyperthyroidism (i.e. post partum thyrotoxicosis)
|
|
|
What happens when a woman is on OCPs and synthroid for hypothyroidism?
|
Her synthroid dosing requirements may change as estrogen containing medication and increases the TBG.
|
|
|
Name the disease: sensation of dry eyes, ingrown eyelashes, adhesions of the eyelid to the globe.
|
ocular cicatricial pemphigoid
|
|
|
What do you do when you suspect ocular cicatricial pemphigoid?
|
conjunctuval biopsy first (treatment with systemic corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide later)
|
|
|
What antibiotic cannot be used with tacrolimus because it also uses the cytochrome P450 system?
|
erythromycin. would result in tacrolimus toxicity and kidney injury.
|
|
|
Imaging modality of choice when you suspect aortic dissection in someone with poor renal function
|
TEE - is portable, assess aorta, pericardium, AV, and LV fxn
|
|
|
What disease do you expect when someone who recently used cocaine had terrible chest pain in the back between the shoulder blades, a wide pulse pressure?
|
aortic dissection
|
|
|
Treatment of Parkinson's disease in a patient <65 years old is...
|
pramipexole or ropinexole
|
|
|
Name the disease: insideous onset of progressive nonfluent aphasia, semantic dementia...
|
frontotemporal lobar degeneration
|
|
|
Risk factor management for age-related macular degeneration
|
stop smoking
|
|
|
Name the disease: drusen (yellow deposits on the retina)
|
age related macular degeneration
|
|
|
Murmurs that decrease with increased pre-load (stand to squat, passive leg lift, or handgrip) could be:
|
HCM or mitral valve prolapse.
|
|
|
When a patient is newly diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma, what is the next step?
|
check vitamin D levels, as vitamin D deficiency can mask the severity of primary hyperparathyroidism. Once Vitamin D is repleted, the symptoms may worsen and then the patient may need parathyroidectomy
|
|
|
What are the (4) indications for parathyroidectomy?
|
Serum calcium > 1 above normal
CrCl <60 T score -2.5 or worse or any previous fracture age <50 |
|
|
What is the treatment of choice for patients with recurrence of platinum-sensitive ovarian CA who relapse more than 6 months after completion of initial therapy?
|
another platinum-based chemotherapy regimen.
|
|
|
What do you suspect in a patient post gastric bypass surgery with persistent nausea and vomitting after eating has and how do you evaluate it?
|
stomal stenosis
endoscopic ultrasound (sometimes barium swallow). |
|
|
Management of TTP
|
plasma exchange (stops the platelet consumption that is responsible for the symptoms)
|
|
|
Name the disease:
microangiopathic hemalytic anemia thrombocytopenia without coagulation disorder CNS symptos such as headache |
TTP
|
|
|
West Nile virus diagnosis can be confirmed by
|
CSF IgM
|
|
|
What should all old people be screened for?
|
Depression
|
|
|
Name the disease: pain in the posterior pelvic region while prforming the FABER test with absence of pain on passive hip rotations
|
sacroilliitis.
|
|
|
How can you reproduce pain with piriformis syndrome?
|
apply pressure to the sciatic notch
|
|
|
what is the most common cause of bone disease in CKD5 and is associated with PTH <100 and nl alk phos?
|
adynamic bone disease
|
|
|
What do you do in a patient who has had previous history of UGIB and normal Cscope and EGD?
|
Repeat EGD first
|
|
|
Management of Barrett's Esophagus when it is first identified
|
endoscopic and histologic surveillence
|
|
|
What class of anti hypertensives is good to use in the elderly?
|
HCTZ
|
|
|
Chronic watery diarrhea in a woman in her 60s
|
microscopic colitis
|
|
|
Management of HSP
|
steroids
|
|
|
Is there any benefit to using steroids in IPF?
|
No
|
|
|
Empiric treatment for CSF shunt infection
|
vanc and cef
|
|
|
Name the type of renal failure: HIV pt with hep C and syphyllis, hypocomplimentemia, dysmorphic erythrocytes, erythrocyte casts...
|
immune complex-mediated glomerular nephritis
|
|
|
Name the disease:
moderate-to-severe persistent asthma central bronchiectasis mucous plugging increased IgE eosinophilia |
allergic bronchopulmonary aspirgillosis
|
|
|
How do you diagnose suspected allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?
|
skin test
|
|
|
What medication must be added to standard medical therapy in black patients with Class III or IV heart failure?
|
ISDN and hydralazine
|
|
|
What do you have to do when someone with UC has high grade dysplasia detected on surveillience colonoscopy?
|
Total proctocolectomy
|
|
|
Stroke mimicker in a young healthy woman with 30 minutes of paresthesia in her left arm and hand and R sided throbbing headache
|
migraine with aura
|
|
|
Name the disease: secretory diarrhea in a patient who has had the terminal ileum and ileocecal valve removed from a tumor
|
bile salt diarrhea - tx with cholestyramine
|
|
|
What antibody test for PBC?
|
antimitochondrial antibody
|
|
|
Name the disease:
fatigue, pruritis, elevated alk phos |
PBC
|
|
|
How do you manage someone with recurrent uric acid stones and a urine pH of 5.5 on UA?
|
alkalinize the urine with potassium citrate
|
|
|
Name the disease:
hypercoaguable state pancytopenia bone marrow aplastic or MDS |
PNH (aplastic anemia)
|
|
|
How do you diagnose PNH?
|
Flow Cytometry shows CD55 and CD59
|
|
|
Name the disease:
mid epigastric pain worse after eating post prandial diarrhea elevated fasting glucose in a man who abuses alcohol |
chronic pancreatitis
|
|
|
Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis
|
CT scan shows calcifications
|
|
|
When do you test for H. Pylori eradifiction?
|
When someone has had severe disease (i.e. transfusion requiring hemotphysis, hospitalization) or early stage gastric ca or MALT lymphoma, lastly persistent dyspepsia after test-and-treat
|
|
|
Name the disease:
fever musculoskeletal symptoms neuropathies HTN proteinuria hematuria renal insufficiency |
PAN
|
|
|
What (2) drugs are safe to use to treat HTN during pregnacy?
|
Methyldopa and labetalol
|
|
|
The type of urinary incontinence most frequently gotten by diabetics is:
|
overflow incontinence from neurogenic bladder - test for it with post void residual
|
|
|
Management of renal failure in hepatorenal syndrome
|
liver transplant only
|
|
|
What happens to babies born from moms with tet and 22q11.2 deletion?
|
50% chance of congenital heart disease
|
|
|
How can you tell apart PAN and Takuyasu arthritis?
|
Taku affects younger women, and their presentation may include claudication, bruits, absence of peripheral pulses
|
|
|
Trouble seeing on a bright sunny day and trouble driving at night with glare of car headlights
|
cataracts
|
|
|
decreased visual accuity and loss of central vision
perception of straight lines as wavy |
macular degeneration
|
|
|
Name the disease:
elderly person with atherosclerotic disease crampy abdominal pain bloody diarrhea |
ischemic colitis
|
|
|
Management of 1st or 2nd stage syphyllis in a patient with a penicillan allergy
|
doxycycline (as long as not pregnant)
|
|
|
The best screening test for hearing loss in the elderly, even when they deny having a problem, is
|
the whispered voice test
|
|
|
Patients with a new diagnosis of MEN 2a should...
|
undergo a screening for the RET mutation
|
|
|
Name the components of MEN2a
|
medullary thyroid cancer
hyperparathyroidism pheochromocytoma |
|
|
Concominant valve disorder in patients with coarc of the aorta
|
bicuspid aortic valve - be wary for AV stenosis or AVR
|
|
|
Name the disease:
wide pulse pressure rapidly collapsing pulse pulsing nailbeds brief systolic and long diastolic murmur LV enlargement |
severe aortic regurgitation
|
|
|
name the disease:
neurosurgery patient hyponatremia increased urine Na excretion hypovolemia increased urine concentration |
cerebral salt wasting
|
|
|
How can you distinguish cerebral salt wasting from SIADH?
|
hypotension is usually only present in cerebral salt wasting
|
|
|
Which aortic valve replacement patients do not need a heparin bridge perioperatively?
|
low risk patient
aortic valve (not mitral) no history of thromboembolism no LV dysfunction, no AFib, hypercoagulable condition) |
|
|
Management of resistant HTN in a pt not controlled on 3 bp agents already - what is good to add?
|
Spironolactone
|
|
|
Treatment of herpes zoster not involving the eye
|
oral valacyclovir or famcyclovir
|
|
|
Treatment of early stage HER2+ breast cancer with adjuvent:
|
trastuzumab (herceptin) but know the generic
|
|
|
Treatment of post-MI pericarditis (Dressler syndrome)
|
high dose aspirin preferred over NSAIDs
|
|
|
Severe Needlestick injury from an HIV and Hep C positive pt
|
take 3 antiretrovirals immediately. no hep c prophylaxis
|
|
|
What should a primary care physician check in all obese pts with BMI between 25-24.9?
|
a waist circumference
|
|
|
Management of ascending aortic atheroma >4mm
|
antiplatelet
or antithrombotic therapy (i.e. warfarin) |
|
|
When you discover pulmonary HTN in a patient you also suspect my have OSA what is the first next step?
|
sleep study because it is less invasive and may be a reversible secondary cause to the pulm htn
|
|
|
What is one of the hepatic side effects of interferon?
|
it can cause autoimmune hepatitis - stop interferon or ribaviron in a hep c pt whose LFTs go up
|
|
|
What is the next step in a patient with gallstone pancreatitis and likely biliary obstruction?
|
ERCP - with sphincterotomy and stone removal
|
|
|
In a HCV cirrhotic with diuretic resistant ascites, what is the next step?
|
liver transplant referral (TIPS can be associated with high morbidity in advanced cirrhosis)
|
|
|
What is the next step in a patient with newly discovered cirrhosis?
|
EGD screening for varices first before medical therapy is started.
|
|
|
What is the next step with a bleeding stomach ulcer refractory to medical and endoscopic therapy?
|
surgical repair. No role for octreotide that we know of once endoscopic therapy has been instituted.
|
|
|
Treatment for early stage PBC
|
ursodeoxycholic acid
|
|
|
Diagnosis of iron deficiency in CKD patients not yet on dialysis:
|
ferritin < 100
AND transferrin sat < 20% |
