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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kell
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K=k+
K+k= K+k+ Kp(a+b=) Kp(a=b+) Kp(a+b+) Js(a+b=) Js(a=b+) Js(a+b+) |
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Duffy
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Fy(a+b=)
Fy(a=b+) Fy(a+b+) Fy(a=b=) |
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Kidd
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Jk(a+b=)
Jk(a=b+) Jk(a+b+) Jk(a=b=) |
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Lutheran
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Lu(a+b=)
Lu(a=b+) Lu(a+b+) Lu(a=b=) |
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Ii
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"i-cord'
"I-adult" "i-adult" "I-cord" |
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P
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P1
P2 P1k P2k p |
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MNS
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MM
MN NN SS Ss ss U neg |
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Roughly what % or the population has the "M" antigen?
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About 75%
78% white 70% black |
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What % of the population has the "s" antigen?
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89% white
97% black |
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How difficult would it be to find compatible cells for someone with an ANti-m?
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It would be relatively easy because a great portion of the population has the M antigen; then, approximately 25% would be compatable. 1 in 4 units would be compatable
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How difficult would it be fto find compatible cells for someone with an Anti-s?
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Pretty difficult because only 10% of the white and 3% fo the black population lacks this antigen. only 1 in 10 units would be compatible.
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Which of the P blood group antigens are "high-frequency" antigens?
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P, and Pk
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Which P group antibody would you expect to find most frequently in the clinical lab?
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Anti-P1
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What is Donath Landsteiner and why is it called an autoantibody?
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Anti-P antibody, hemolytic IgG that usually is encountered in patients with Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH). It is called an autoantibody, because it turns into an antibody for a self-antigen. IgG autoanti-P binds to P positive RBC's and activates complement at low temperatures, causing hemolysis to occur at warmer temps.
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Would you expect Anti-I to be a cause of HDN?
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No, IgM's cannot cross the placenta and newborns are I neg
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Why are antibodies to k, Kpb and Jsb rarely found?
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These are high frequency antigens; the corresponding antibody will be rarely found
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Why is it uncommon to find antibodies to Kpa and Jsa?
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These antigens are co-dominant alleles on closely linked loci with Kpb and Jsb; they produce low frequencies.
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Would it be difficult to find donor cells for a patient with Anti-Kpa and Anti-Jsa?
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No, it would be easy; donor units possessing these antigens are uncommon.
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How common is the Lub antigen?
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100% of the population have this antigen
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Name 2 reasons why anti-Lua is not associated with HDN.
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-IgM
-poorly developed at birth |
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List the blood groups that would show stronger reactions following enzyme treatment.
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-Kidd
-P -Ii -Lewis -Rh(not D) |
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List the blood groups that would show weaker or missing reactions following enzyme treatment.
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-Duffy
-Xga -MN |
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List the blood groups that would show no change following enzyme treatment.
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-Lutheran
-Kell -'D' |
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What blood groups show variable reactivity following enzyme treatment.
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-S
-s -U |
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-IgG
-Produced in response to antigen exposure -Ab agglutinate optimally in IAT -Ab do not bind complement -TRX/HDN -Anti-K is the most common antibody |
Kell blood group
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-Agglutination reactions are best observed in IAT
-Antibodies do not bind complement -TRX -Can show dosage -Anti-Fya is more common than anti-Fyb |
Duffy blood group
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-Does show dosage
-Binds complement -Produced through antigen exposure -Antibodies do not store well -Phenotype frequencies tend to vary among the population. |
Kidd blood group
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Can be present without RBC stimulation
-IgM and IgG -Has characteristic mixed-field pattern of agglutination -Mild cases of HDN |
Anti-Lua
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