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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
any machinery (most of which uses digital circuits) that assists
in the input, processing, storage, and output activities of an information system.
Hardware
the part of the computer that consists of three associated elements: the arithmetic/logic unit the control unit, and the register areas.
CPU: central processing unit
the part of the CPU that performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons
ALU -Arithmetic/logic unit
The part of the CPU that sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, registers, primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices.
Control Unit
a high-speed storage area in the CPU used to temporarily hold small units of program instructions and data immediately before, during, and after execution by the CPU.
Register
The part of the computer that holds program instructions and data.
Main Memory:
Central processing unit (CPU)
Input devices
Output devices
Communications devices
Primary storage devices
Secondary storage devices
Hardware Components
• Step 1: Fetch instruction
• Step 2: Decode instruction
• Step 3: Execute instruction
• Step 4: Store results
Hardware Components in Action
series of electronic pulses produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time
Clock speed:
billions of cycles per second
Gigahertz
millions of cycles per second
Megahertz
transistor density of chips will double every 18 months
Moore's Law
bits that together represent a single character of data
byte
– Temporary and volatile
Random access memory (RAM
EDO (Extended Data Out)
DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)
• Types of RAM