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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Information system users must work closely with information systems professionals to define business needs, evaluate options, and select the hardware and software that provide a ____ _____to those needs
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cost-effective solution
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The overriding consideration in making hardware decisions in a business should be how hardware can be used to support the _____ of the information system and the _____ of the organization
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objectives; goals
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_______is a property of certain metals that lets current flow with minimal resistance
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Superconductivity
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A Petabyte represents about _____ bytes
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quadrillion or 1024 terabytes
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A form of memory that loses its contents if power is lost is called
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RAM
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Example of a sequential access storage media?
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magnetic tape
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On a megabyte-to-megabyte basis, memory is still more expensive than most forms of
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secondary storage
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____ is the ability to increase the
capability of a computer system to process more transactions in a given period by adding more, or more powerful, processors |
Scalability
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Organizations do not develop proprietary application software unless doing so will meet a compelling business need that can provide a
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competitive advantage
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The primary function of application software is to apply the power of the computer to give individuals, workgroups, and the entire enterprise the ability to solve _____ and perform specific _____
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problems; tasks
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Software that enables users to improve their personal effectiveness, increasing the amount of work they can do and its quality, is called
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Personal productivity software
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Name some characteristics of ERP software?
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A. ability to support a multisite, global organization
B. ability to support multiple legal entities, multiple languages, and multiple languages C. ability to integrate software to support manufacturing and finance functions |
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Software used to solve a unique or specific problem that is usually built, but that can also be purchased from an outside company, is called
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proprietary software
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Software that has the greatest potential to affect the processes that add value to a business because it is designed for specific organizational activities and functions is called
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applications software
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A class of applications software that helps groups work together and collaborate is called
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groupware or collaborative computing software
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End users and IS professionals use a _____ ______whose functional characteristics are appropriate to the task at hand.
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programming language
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Each language also has its own set of rules, called the _______ of the language
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syntax
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A special software program called a ______converts a third-generation programming language into the machine language instructions consisting
of binary digits |
compiler
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The information system industry continues to undergo ____ _____; users need to be aware of recent trends and issues in software licensing to be effective in their business and personal life
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constant change
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A licensing option where the software manufacturer makes its products available through the Internet and automatically offers updates, bug fixes, and other enhancements is called
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network services
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The database approach to ____ _____provides significant advantages over the traditional file-based approach
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data management
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A group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user of the database and other application programs is called a
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DBMS
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A characteristic of an entity is called a(n)
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Attribute
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A primary key is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies
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the record
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The duplication of data in separate files is known as
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data redundancy
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________is a data modeling approach that starts by investigating the general data and information needs of the organization at the strategic level and then examining more specific data and information needs for the various functional areas and departments within the organization
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Enterprise data modeling
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a well-designed and well-managed database is an extremely valuable tool in supporting
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decision making
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The structure of the relationships in most databases follows one of three logical database models
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hierarchical, network, and relational
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Because the DBMS is responsible for access to a database, one of the first steps iin installing and using a database involves telling the DBMS teh logical and physical structure of the data and relationships among the data in the database. This description is called a(n)
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schema
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The command that are used to access and report information from the database are part of the
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data manipulation language
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Three popular DBMS's for end users are
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Corel's Paradox, Filemaker's filemaker pro, microsoft's Access and Lotus's Approach
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The ability of a vendor to provide ____ _____for large, multinational companies or companies outside the US is becoming increasingly important
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global support
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Further improvements in the use of ________ ________will continue to evolve and yield real business benefits
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database technology
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A _____holds business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products and customers
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data warehouse
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An information analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data waarehouse is called
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data mining
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____ ______is a continuous process involving the legal and ethical collection of inormation, analysis that doesn't avoid unwelcome conclusions, and controlled dissemination of that information to decision makers
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competitive intelligence
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The effective use of ____ & _____ can turn a company into an agile, powerful and creative organization, giving it a long-term competitive advantage
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telecommunications and networks
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The electronic transmission of signals for communication is called
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telecommunications
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A(n)______consists of communications media, devices and software needed to connect two or more computer systems and/or devices
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computer networks
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The translation of data from a digital signal into an analog form is called
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modulation
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Switching equipment that routes phone calls and messages within a building and connects internal phone lines to a few phone company lines is called a
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PBX
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The effective use of ____ & _____ can turn a company into an agile, powerful and creative organization, giving it a long-term competitive advantage
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telecommunications and networks
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The electronic transmission of signals for communication is called
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telecommunications
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A(n)______consists of communications media, devices and software needed to connect two or more computer systems and/or devices
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computer networks
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The translation of data from a digital signal into an analog form is called
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modulation
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Switching equipment that routes phone calls and messages within a building and connects internal phone lines to a few phone company lines is called a
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PBX
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When an orgnanization needs to use two or more computer systems, one of three basic processing strategies may be followed:
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centralized, decentralized and distributed
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A network that connects computer systems and devices within the same geographic area is a
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LAN
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In the _________architecture, multiple computer platforms are deddicated to special functions such as database amangement, printing, communications, and program execution
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client/server
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the ________ is like many other technologies-it provides a wide range of services, some of which are effective and practical for use today; others are still evolving and still others will fade away from lack of use
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Internet
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The primary communications protocol of the Internet is called
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TCP/IP
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An internet service that enables the exchange of business data in a standard format is called
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EDI
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What enables traffic to flow on the Internet from one network to another?
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Internet protocol
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____is a protocol that describes a file transfer process between a host and remote computer
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FTP
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Originally developed as a document-management system, the____________ is a menu-based system that is easy to use for personal and business applications
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World Wide Web
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Hypertext links are maintained using ________, a standard way of coding the locations of the HTML documents
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URL's
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A(n) ________ is an internal corporate network built using Internet and World Wide Web standards and products
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intranet
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HTML
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hypertext markup language
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URL
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uniform resource locator
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