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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sepsis
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microbial contamination
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asepsis
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absence of significant microbial contamination
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asepsis surgery technique
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used to prevent microbial contamination of a wound
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sterilization
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the removal of all microbes
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6 different levels of sterilization
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1. commercial
2. disinfection 3. antisepsis 3. degerming 4. sanitation 5. biocide/germicide |
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commercial sterilization
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kills C boluinum endospores
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disinfection
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removes pathogens -most commonly used
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antisepsis
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removes pathogens from skin
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degerming
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removal of microbes rom limited area (do in lab)
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sanitation
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lower microbe count on eating utensils
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biocide/germicide
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kills microbes (put on surfaces only )
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effects of antimicrobial treatment depend on
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1. # of microbes
2. environment 3. time of exposure 4. microbe characteristics(type of microbe) |
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3 ways to kill microbes with control agents
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1. alteration of membrane(lyse)
2. damage to proteins (needed for growth) 3. damage to nucleic acid(blueprint) |
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2 ways to kill microbes with heat
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1. thermal death point (TDP)
2. thermal death time (TDT) |
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thermal death point
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lowest temperature cells in a culture are killed in 10 min
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thermal death time
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time it take to kill all cell in culture
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decimal reduction time DRT
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time it take to kill 90 percent of a population at a give temperature
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moist heat
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denatures protiens
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autoclaves
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steam under pressure
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bacteria can resist
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certain amount of dry heat
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steam sterilization
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-steam contacts items surface and paper that changes color is use to test (autoclave paper)
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pasteurization
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reduces spoilage from microbes and pathogens
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3 types of pasteurization
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63 * C for 30 min
high temp for short time 72*c 15sec ultra high tmp 140* for <1sec ***thermoduric organisms can survive |
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dry heart kills by
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oxidation
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3 types of dry heat sterilization
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1. flaming
2. incineration 3. hot air sterilization (slower than autoclave) |
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filtration
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romoves microbes
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low temperatures...
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INHIBIT microbe growth
ex: refrigerator deep freeze lyophilization |
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desiccation pressure
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prevent metabolisim
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osmotic pressure
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raise OP create lyses
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radiation
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damages cells dna
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ionizing radiation
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break into cell dna and cannot be fixed
x-ray gamma rays electron beams |
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non-ionizing radiation
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uv rays
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effectiveness of a disinfectant is determined by
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1. concentration of disinfectant
2. organic matter 3. ph 4. time |
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ways to evaluate a disinfectant
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1. use delusion test
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three steps to the use delusion test
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1. metal ring dip in bacteria is dried
2. dried cultures placed in disinfectant for 10min at 20*C 3. rings transfer to culture media to determine if bacteria survived treatment |
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second method of evaluating disinfectant
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dic diffusion method
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types of disinfectants
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1. phenols
2. phenolics 3. bisphenols- disrups PM 4. bisguandes-disrupts PM 5. halogens-oxidize agent 6. alcohols-denature proteins/sissopves lipids 7. heveay metals-dentatures proteins 8. surfactants 9. chemical food presevative 10. aldyhydes -deactivates proteins 11. gaseous sterilants- denurture protiens 12 peroxides-oxidize agent 13. antibiotics - prvent cheese spoil |
