Minerals

Front 1

Color

Back 1

The most unreliable diagnostic property is

Front 2

Silicate

Back 2

Which group of minerals are the most abundant in the earth's crust.

Front 3

Silicon and oxygen

Back 3

All silicate minerals contain wich two elements

Front 4

Cleavage

Back 4

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth,parallel planes

Front 5

hardness

Back 5

the resistance of a material to abrasion

Front 6

Diamond

Back 6

Hardest mineral in nature

Front 7

obsidian

Back 7

glassy texture

Front 8

igneous formed

Back 8

cooling of magma

Front 9

Course grained

Back 9

Rocks with crystals that can be seen with naked eye.

Front 10

Limestone

Back 10

most abundant chemical sedimentary rock

Front 11

Gneiss

Back 11

alternating bands of light

Front 12

Oxygen

Back 12

what element is the most abundant in earth's crust by weight

Front 13

Ions

Back 13

Atoms that have an electrical charge due to the loss or gain of an electron

Front 14

Crystals become smaller

Back 14

As the rate of cooling increases

Front 15

Heat

Back 15

Primary agent of contact metamorphisim

Front 16

Foliation

Back 16

strong parallel alignment of mineral bands in a metamorphic rock

Front 17

Porphrytic

Back 17

Igneous rock characterized by two distinctively different crystal sizes.

Front 18

Particle size

Back 18

Detrital sedimentary rocks are classified primarily on the basis of

Front 19

Warm humid

Back 19

Chemical weathering would be most effective in a ________ climate

Front 20

Warm temperatures very moist

Back 20

What two factors speed up rates of chemical reaction & weathering in rocks and soils.

Front 21

Mass wasting

Back 21

the process that moves weathered rock materials and soils downslope

Front 22

Most temperate climates

Back 22

In what area would weathering by frost wedging be most effective

Front 23

Creep

Back 23

mass wasting process with the slowest rate of movment

Front 24

Transpiration

Back 24

The release of water to the atmosphere by plants is called

Front 25

The main erosion is on the outside of the bend

Back 25

at a bend in a river , the main erosion is

Front 26

Capacity

Back 26

describes the total sediment load transported by a stream

Front 27

If you were to examine the profile of a typical river,you would probably find that the gradient is steepest

Back 27

near the bed

Front 28

an abandoned,cutoff,meander loop.

Back 28

Oxbow lake

Front 29

running water

Back 29

the single most important erosion all agent

Front 30

aquifier

Back 30

permeable rock strata or sediment that transmit groundwater freely

Front 31

water table

Back 31

The ground is saturated with water in unsaturated rock

Front 32

artesian well

Back 32

an artesian aquifer confined containing groundwater

Front 33

stalactite

Back 33

Is the Icicle like shape that grows down from the roof of a cavern

Front 34

Alfred wegnee

Back 34

In the early part of the 20th century blank argued forcefully 4 continental drift.

Front 35

pangea

Back 35

The former late Paleozoic supercontinent is known as

Front 36

Divergent

Back 36

Pull apart rift zones are generally associated with _____plate boundaries

Front 37

A typical rate of seafloor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean is _____per year

Back 37

The sea floor in the alantic ocean spreads 2cm

Front 38

Identify mechanisims capable of moving continents

Back 38

The continental drift hypothesis was rejected primarily because Alfred Wegener could not

Front 39

Sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at a subduction zone.

Back 39

Deep open trenches are sufficient evidence for

Front 40

Transform plate boundary

Back 40

The deep vertical fault which two plates slide past one another

Front 41

volcanoes and deep valleys of East africa

Back 41

Continental rift along which parts of the African continent are beginning to slowly separate

Front 42

Focus

Back 42

When an earthquake occurs energy gradients in all directions from its source the source is also referred to as the

Front 43

Nature of surface material design of structures tensity and duration

Back 43

The amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations is affected by

Front 44

aftershocks

Back 44

Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as

Front 45

Richter scale

Back 45

Scale is a measure of the energy released it is not directly measure the extent of the building damage

Front 46

epicenter

Back 46

The position on Earth's surface directly by the earthquake source is called the

Front 47

elastic rebound

Back 47

The mechanism by which rock store and eventually release energy in the form there's an earthquake is termed

Front 48

liquefaction

Back 48

Refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and failed mechanically during earthquake shaking

Front 49

seismagram

Back 49

Record of an earthquake obtained from a seismic instrument is

Front 50

iron

Back 50

The dense core of the earth is thought to consist predominantly of

Front 51

pahoehoe

Back 51

Which type of basaltic lava flow has a fairly smooth unfragmented ropey surface

Front 52

basaltic

Back 52

what Magma is the most abundant type rupted at oceanic spreading centers today

Front 53

pacific

Back 53

The _______ocean basin is rimmed by the most abduction zones

Front 54

composite cones

Back 54

The most violent volcanic activity is associated with

Front 55

Shield volcano

Back 55

Kilauea

Front 56

water and Co2

Back 56

______Are usually the most abundant gases emitted during basaltic volcanisim

Front 57

AAaa

Back 57

Which type basaltic lava flow has its surface covered with sharp edged angler blocks and rubble

Front 58

submarine,basaltic lava flows

Back 58

What which kind of volcanism is typical of mid oceanic ridge systems

Front 59

an explosive strata volcano

Back 59

Mount st helens is

Front 60

the circum pacific area

Back 60

Which region has the greatest concentration of currently active volcanoes

Front 61

strike slip

Back 61

An_____ fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks

Front 62

transform fault

Back 62

a strike slip fault that lays the boundary between tectonic plates

Front 63

thrust fault

Back 63

A low angle reverse fault

Front 64

normal faults

Back 64

Tensional forces normally cause what type type of faults