Midterm Test In Biology

Front 1

The overall domains in life are

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Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Front 2

A cell that has it's genetic material enclosed in a membrane called a nucleus is a

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Eukaryotic cell

Front 3

A small singular cell that does not have organelle is a

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Prokaryotic cell

Front 4

The study of living things

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Biology

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The very first step of the scientific method

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Observation

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An educated guess is

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Hypothesis

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In a experiment you must have conditions exactly like the experiment--but not being tested, this is the

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Control

Front 8

If you get into your car in the morning and it won't start, this is an

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Observation

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A rigorous procedure for making observatons of specific phenomena and searching for the order underlying those phenomena isthe definition

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Scientific Method

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A factor in a scientific experiment that is deliberately manipulated in order to test a hypothesis is a

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Vairable

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The dry weight of organic material in an ecosystem

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Biomass

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An organism that eats other organisms

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Heterotroph

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One of a diverse group of organisms, ranging from worms to vultures, that live off wastes and dead remains of other organisms

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Detritus Feeders

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Able to broken down into harmless substances by decomposers

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Biodegradable

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Description of the pathwasy,(such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and water) through the nonliviling and living portions of an ecosystem

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Nutrient Cycle

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All of the interacting populations within an ecosystem

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Community

Front 17

Derived from the remains of ancient organisms

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Fossil Fuel

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The excess cutting of primarily rainforest in the Tropics to clear for agriculture

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Deforestation

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A producer like a tree

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Photosynthetic organism

Front 20

The main storage siteof a nutrient

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Reservior

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A graphical representation of the energy contained in succeeding trophic levels, with maximum energy at the base and steadily diminishing amounts at higher levels (10% rule)

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Energy Pyramid

Front 22

The increasing accumulation of a toxic substance in progressively higher trophic levels--A consequence of DDT that was bannedin the 70's--Causes deformities in predatory animals---A human health hazard

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Bioligical Magnification

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Interaction amoung individuals who attemptto utlize a resource that is limited relative to demand

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Competition

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The average birthrate at which a reporducing population exactly replaces itself during its lifetime

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Birth Rate

Front 25

The study of the changing human population

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Demography

Front 26

The maximum population size that and ecosystem can support indefinitely; determined primarily by the availability of space, nutrients, water, and light

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Carrying Capacity

Front 27

All of the organisms and their nonliving environment within a defined area

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Ecosystem

Front 28

The migration of individuals out of an area is known as

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Emigration

Front 29

An organism that kills and eats other organisms

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Predator

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All of the members of a particular species within an ecosystem, found in the same time and place and actually or potentially interbreeding

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Population

Front 31

The model that describes population change over time

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Demographic Transition

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Mexico is considered a developing country

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High birth rate/Low death rate

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A population cycle characterized by rapid exponential growth followed by a sudden massive die-off, seen in seasonal species and in some populations of small rodents, such as lemmings

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Boom-and-Bust Cycle

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The maximum rate at which a population could increased, assuming ideal conditions that allow a maximum birth rate and minimum death rate

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Biotic Potenial

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Any factor that tends to counteract biotic potential, limiting population size

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Environmental Resistance

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A terrestrial ecosystem that occupies an extensive geographical area and is characterized by a specific type of plant community; for example, deserts

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Biome

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An organism that is among the first to colonize and unoccupied habitat in the first stages of succession

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Pioneer

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A species who has a great influence on the community structure and you may only notice it if this species no longer exists

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Keystone Species

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A species that is introduced from another area, often called exotic at the same time of introducton. They often have no resistance factors and thereby tend to displace native species

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Invasive Species

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A Plant Eater

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Herbivore

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A close interaction between organisms of different species over and extended period of time. Includes parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism

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Symbiosis

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The coexistence of two species with similar requirements, each occupying a smaller niche than either would if it were by itself, a means of minimizing their competitive interactions

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Resource Partitioning

Front 43

A Structural change in a community and its nonliving environment over time. Species replace one another in a somewhat predictable manner until a stable, self-sustaining climax community is reached

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Succession

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A symbiotic relationship in which both participating species benefit

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Mutualism

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The capacity to make changes in behavior on the basis of experience is called

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Learning

Front 46

The word we used for chemical communication

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Pheromone

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Habituation is a form of

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Learning

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When baboons pick bugs out of their young baboon's hair the is a form of

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Communication by Touch

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Any observable activity of a living animal

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Behavior

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The production of a signal by one organism that causes another organism to change its behavior in a way beneficial to one or bith is

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Communication

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The wolf signals aggression by loweringits head

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Active Visual signal

Front 52

Which type of communication is most effective over short distances

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Visual

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Behaviors that are shared by infants in diverse cultures like smiling, grasping, and expressions of pleasure or rage are

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Innate