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58 Cards in this Set

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Bering Land Bridge

A 600 mile wide land bridge between Asia and America

Mississippian culture (mound builders)

The last mound building culture Indie Mississippi Valley 1000 to 1500. The largest city was Cahokia.

Anasazi

Ancestral puebloan people. Lived in villages built on Mesas and Canyon floors. After 1200 villagers carved Stone houses into Canyon walls due to war and climate change but abandoned them after 1300 living in villages along the Rio Grande.

Christopher Columbus

Was funded by Spain to find a route to Asia but found the new world instead in 1492

Jamestown

Established in 1607 38% died by 1608. John Smith was made leader. The colonists was there to look for gold but never planted crops. Indentured servants were used by the Virginia Company.

Pueblo Revolt of 1680

Popé commanded Rebels from 20 villages to attack Spanish settlements, destroying everything pertaining to Christianity due to the Spanish prosecuting 47 native religious leaders on charges of sorcery. The Spanish did not return for 13 years

Stamp Act of 1765

Required all valid legal documents newspapers, playing cards, and other papers to bear a government-issued stamp.

Boston Tea Party

December 16, 1773 the Sons of Liberty disguised as Indians boarded the Dartmouth and threw 342 chests of tea into the harbor

Coercive Acts

Four repressive laws were made : the Boston Port Act, administration of justice Act, new Quartering Act, and government officials are now appointed

Boston Massacre

March 1770 Captain Thomas Preston ordered his men to repel the rioters. One of his men fired into the crowd causing the rest to fire. Five were killed six were wounded

Columbian Exchange

The transatlantic exchange of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred after the first European contact with the Americas

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Legislation passed by Congress under the Articles of Confederation that prohibited slavery in the northwest Territories and provided the model for the incorporation of future territories into the Union as coequal States

Virginia Plan

Drafted by James Madison. Granted congress power to legislate in which the states are incompetent and to nullify state laws contrary to the articles of Union. Second , made representation in both houses proportional to population. A bicameral legislature , an exeutive and a judiciary

Articles of Confederation

Written document setting up the loose Confederation of states that comprise the first national government of the United States from 1781 to 1788

Declaration of Independence

The document by which the Second Continental Congress announced and Justified its decision to renounce the colonies allegiance to the British government

Second Continental Congress

Convened in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775. Called for the patchwork of local forces to be organized into the Continental Army, authorized the formation of a Navy, established a post office, and printed paper Continental dollars to meet his expenses

Bacon's Rebellion

Violent conflict in Virginia(1675-1676), beginning with settler attacks on Indians but culminating in a rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against Virginia's government

Treaty of Paris(1763)

The formal end to British hostilities against France and Spain in February 1763

Queen Anne's War

American phase (1702-1713) of Europe's War of the Spanish succession

Great Awakening

Tremendous religious revival in colonial America striking first in the Middle Colonies and New England in the 1740s and then spreading to the southern colonies

King Phillips War (1675)

Conflict in New England (1675_1676) between Wampanoahs, Narragansetts, and other Indian peoples against English settlers; Spark by English encroachments on Native lands

Stono Rebellion

Uprising in 1739 of South Carolina slaves against whites; inspired in part by Spanish officials promise of freedom for American slaves who escaped to Florida

Pilgrams

Settlers of Plymouth Colony, who viewed themselves as spiritual wanderers.

Valley Forge

Area of Pennsylvania approximately 30 miles northwest of Philadelphia where General George Washington's Continental troops were quartered from December 1777 to June 1778 while British forces occupied Philadelphia during the Revolutionary War.

Pontiacs Rebellion

Indian uprising (1763-1766) led by Pontiac of the Ottawas and Neolin of the Delawares

Puritans

Individuals who believed that Queen Elizabeth's reforms of the Church of England had not gone far enough in improving the church, particularly in ensuring that church members were among the saved. Puritans led the settlement of Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Middle Passage

The voyage between West Africa and the new world slave colonies

Jacques Cartier

Made three voyages looking for gold and a route to Asia

Anne Hutchinson

Held religious meetings in her house. Denounced many ministers, insisting humans can do nothing to encourage God to make them saints. Was banished from town and moved to Rhode Island.

Roger Williams

Founder of Rhode Island. Opposed government interference in religious affairs such as laws requiring citizens to attend worship services. Was banished from town.

French and Indian War

Seven year war between Britain and France ending with French defeat and the Treaty of Paris (1754-1763)

Battle of Yorktown

Last battle of the Revolutionary War.

Battle of Saratoga

General Horatio Gates forced Burgoynes British army of 6000 to surrender Oct 17, 1777

Paul Revere

Rode through the country spreading the alarm that the Redcoats are coming. Allowed Samuel Adams and John Hancock to escape

Paul Revere

Rode through the country spreading the alarm that the Redcoats are coming. Allowed Samuel Adams and John Hancock to escape

John Winthrop

Massachusetts governor. Puritan . had a journal

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

Journeyed to Florida, provoking Apalachee Indians. Escaped to Mexico and wrote about the interior of North America having hoards of gold.

Hernán de Soto

1539 led an expedition from Florida to the Mississippi River. Harassed natives, burned villages, captured women.

Francisco Vásquez

Led 300 troops through present day Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado for the mythical Seven Cities of Cibola, rumored to contain hoards of gold and precious stones.

Francisco Vásquez

Led 300 troops through present day Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado for the mythical Seven Cities of Cibola, rumored to contain hoards of gold and precious stones.

John Rolfe

Married Powhatan's daughter Pocahontas in order to establish peace between the Powhatan Confederacy and English 1614.

William Penn

Acquired land from King Charles II which he used to establish Pennsylvania. Land of religious freedom. He was a quaker.

New Amsterdam/ New Netherland

Territory dispute between the Dutch and the English. King Charles settled the dispute by granting the land to his brother , the Duke of York

Lord Dunmore's War

James Boone and another boy was captured and tortured by Shawnee Indians. Lord Dunmore's used this to move west and destroyed the Indians in the process. The war ended with the Treaty of Camp Charlotte (1774)

Albany Congress

The assembly put together to discuss how to keep the Iroquois from allying with the French. Benjamin Franklin's Albany Plan of Union was a failure. The seven year war started. The Iroquois Alliance was a deciding factor.

George Whitefield

Made a Tour from Britain to the American colonies where he preached open air sermons which was different from traditional sermons

Jonathan Edwards

Sinners in the hands of an Angry God. Made this sermon which described hell in a scary way

Newburgh Conspiracy

A planned military coup due to unpaid promised wages. Quelled by General Washington's speech.

Juan de Oñate

Settled New Mexico. Kicked out the Pueblo Indians and force them to serve them. Was the one that ordered the right foot of numerous Indians to be cut off.

Peter (pedro) Francisco

Revolutionary war hero fought in many wars. somewhat of a legend

Samuel Whittmore

French and Indian War veteran. Ambushed Redcoats in a bar and lived with numerous stab wounds

Rene Robert Cavalier, Sueur de la Salle

Made three expeditions. Established Ft. St. Louis in eastern Texas. First Europeans on the Ohio River. 1687 his men pushed him off a cliff.

Jacques Marquette-Louis Joliet Expedition

1673 they traveled to Arkansas than north to Illinois. Than back to Great Lakes but Marquette dies.

Walter Raleigh

1618 executed because his man attacked Spanish settlements

Athapascans

Arrived in Southwest 1300 A.D

Thomas Hooker

Leader of Connecticut. Left Massachusetts to settle Connecticut. Puritan.

Acoma Pueblo

Native American Pueblo 60 miles west of Albuquerque New Mexico. Acoma Pueblo Tribe.

Salem Witch Trials

Prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts 1692-1693. 16 woman and 5 man executed.