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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How did the first humans arrive in North/South America? |
They crossed the land area that connects Asia and Alaska, named Beringia Land Bridge |
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Where did the first humans migrate from into North/South american? |
Asia |
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Describe the little we know of the first humans's life styles, that settled in North/South America. |
Pateo Natives - Stone Age relatives - Small Kin groups (<50) ~ did not suffer from communicative diseases - Hunters/Gathers - Independent Groups ~ no shared identity with one another. - Highly mobile |
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How did the Agricultural revolution affect the prehistoric peoples of the Americas. |
They were able to domesticate wild crops, provided a more reliable sourse of food, and they no longer had to move from place to place |
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What was the Agricultural Revolution? |
It was the creation of technique in which crops were planted in a specific way. ~Maize, Beans and Squash |
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What is the name of this technique? |
The Three Sisters Method |
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What were the benefits of the three sister method? |
- Corn helped beans wrap around itself - Beans fix the nitrogen on their roots - Squash had vitamins |
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What were the three native americans cultures that vanished prior to European Contact? Where were they located? |
1. Anasazi ~ New Mexico 2. Adena & Hopewell ~ Ohio Valley 3. Mississippian ~ around St. Louis |
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What is the evidence that the Anasazi people existed? |
roads, trade routes, buildings, sophisticated irrigation techniques |
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What is the evidence that the Adena and Hopewell people existed? |
Large ceremonial mounds, trade routes, |
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What is the evidence that Mississippian people existed? |
larger, more sophisticated ceremonial mounds and trade networks |
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Who are the people that occupied the central valley of mexico at the time of European contact? |
Aztec |
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What was the capital city of the Aztec? |
Tenochtitlan |
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What were the unique characteristics of Tenochtitlan? |
lt was on an small island, it was bigger than any city the Spanish had seen. |
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Describe the Aztec's religion. - Who was their god? |
It was bloody; they would sacrifice people to their gods. - Huitzilopochtli - he was their sun and war god. |
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How did the Aztecs rule? |
With fear and they were forceable. |
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What were the biological consequence of European exploration in the New World? |
- The Columbian Exchange ~ Diseases, Plants, Animals, People |
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What were the three West African Kingdoms that actively supplied the European Slave Trade? |
Mali, Benin, Kongo |
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Which European nation was the first to explore the West Africa - what was their relationship with the West African kingdoms? What Initially drew these Europeans to Africa? |
Portugal; their relationship was a trading one, the kingdoms would sell them prisoners, species, etc.; Gold. |
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How and why did only a few European kingdom develop into strong nation states during the 15th Century? How is it linked to colonization to the New world? |
The monarchs centralized their power of authority; the power was invest in the crown, recruited/raised "national" armies. ~ Spanish was able to colonize the canary Islands which was the step stone/test run for the New world. |
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What was the Columbus's first voyage intent and ultimate accomplishments? |
He wanted to go west and find the "northwest passage" a short cut to China, so that he/spanish didn't have to go through Europe, the middle east and finally Asia. Gold |
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Name the five conquistadores talked about in class. |
- Columbus - Hernan Cortes - Pizarro - Francisco Vasquez de Coronado - Hernando de Soto |
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What year/area did Columbus explore? Was he successful? |
1492 - Initial voyage was in the Bahamas - he didnt think so, but he had "discovered" a new world, one which spain would profit from. |
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What year/area did Hernan Cortes explore? Was he successful? |
Background: He was a paper pusher in cuba, wanted to climb up the social latter. 1521 - into Tenochtitlan - he was successful, the emperor was killed and Cortes overtook the city with 600-ish men. |
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What year/area did Pizarro explore? was he successful? |
1530's, Incas (in peru), yes. |
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What year/area did Hernando de Soto explore, was he successful? |
Background: he was a commoer, greedy, brutal. He explored the American South East, he was looking for the city of gold, he was not successful. He did though explore TX, LA, GA, NC/SC, TN,AL,MI, AK, OK. |
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What year/area did De coronado explore? was he successful? |
background: he came from a very important family. He was betrothed to a 14yr girl, whos dad was part of the monarchy. 1540-1542; southwest (TX, NM, OK, KA), he was searching for the city of gold. |
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How did the catholic faith influence the spanish conquest of the new world? |
Spain had been having a religious war for years with Moorish. With the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella sparked the Reconquista, which was the notion that anyone who rejected the catholic faith would die. |
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What was the negative consequences of Spanish Dominance during the 16th century? How did their rapid rise to power sow the seeds of Spain's eventual decline? |
Imported so much gold that it caused a inflation, while being in long debilitating European wars, and it dependent on the annual shipments from the New World. |
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What was the motivation of the early french exploration in the new world? What were they looking for? |
They were looking for the northwest passage; the shortcut to Asia. |
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What three French commanders set out to the new world? what areas did they discover/claim? |
~ Giovanni de Verrazano - New York bay and Mouth of hudson river, thinking it was the northwest passage. ~ Jacques Cartier - New Foundland, The Canadian Atlantic Provinces, and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. ~ Samuel de Champlain - Quebec (1608) |
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What were the English's early exploration efforts? What were they looking for? Who was the commander? What areas did they discover/claim? |
The Roanoke Colony; religious reasons, population to high, they needed resources; Sir Walter Raleigh, Virginia. |
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How did the English subjugation of Ireland influenced their colonial efforts in the new world? |
It was a "test run" without really knowing that it was. It gave them to opportunity to experiment how they would control the colonies. |
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What is the name of the first english colony founded? |
Roanoke - it disappeared |
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What is the name of the first permanent english colony? |
Jamestown. |
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Who sponsored the first north american colony? |
Queen Elizabeth. |
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What were the reasons the for the colonization of Chesapeake? |
- wanted wealth, so the Joint Stock Company was made in effort to extract gold. |
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What were the problems that english in Chesapeake faced? |
Jamestown was a swamp land ( not healthy for any crops or drinking water) , there were no "real" farmers on this expedition, they were unorganized and there were natives. |
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Which English Monarch is often the most associated with the growth of english national prestige during the 16th century? |
Queen Elizabeth I |
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What was the role of tobacco in the Chesapeake colonies? |
Once the settlers were taught how to plant tobacco, it turned into a cash crop. |
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What was the significance of the Headright System in the Chesapeake colonies? |
It was a 50 acre land grant given to settlers in order to plant tobacco and make $$ |
