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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Paragraph
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closely related sentences developing one topic
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Types of Paragraph
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Descriptive
Narrative Expository Persuasive |
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Explain Types of a Paragraph
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D-appeals to the senses through images
E-Informs of Explains N-Tells a story, chronologically P-Influences the readers opinion |
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Topic Sentence
Body Clincher |
TS-Explains the main idea of the paragraph
Bd-Supports/develops the TS Cl-Restates the main idea/"So What" |
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Topic Sentence
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focuses on one specific point
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Body/Methods of Development
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Descriptive-Sensory details-Details that appeal to the senses
Expository-Facts and statistics-statements that can be proved Narrative-Narrative Details-Tells a story Persuasive-Examples-concrete instances or examples |
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Short Story
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account of a single incident or expierience that reflects upon hn, hf, and he.
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Human Nature
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the way man reacts
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Human Feelings
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emotions
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Human Condition
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the state all humans expierience taht are unavoidable
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Functions of Setting
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Create Mood
Reveal Character Cause of Influence Action |
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Character
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Ppl in a work of fiction and the physical and psycological characteristics of those ppl
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3 ways to discovering characters
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speech
action thoughts |
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plot
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arranged sequence of related events
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traits
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as opposed to feelings, are consistent over long periods of time
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conflict
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struggle or clash between opposing forces
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Conflict=Internal, External
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IN-w/in main character;conscience or emotion
EX-struggle against an outside force;another character, thing, nature, society... |
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exposition
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setting, character, and conflict is introduced
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rising action
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charater deals with conflict
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climax
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character makes a decision, discovery, or takes disicive action to end the conflict
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Falling Action
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what happens right after the climax immediately
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resolution
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loose ends are tied up, conflict is resolved
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theme
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underlying message the author is trying to explain (universal)
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clues to discovering theme
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1.Title
2.Main character undergoes change 3.How is the conflict resolved 4.Direct statements |
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allusion
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reference to a statement, or a noun from literature, mythology, history, religion, politics, pop-culture
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foreshawdoing
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hints or clues that may come later in the plot
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mood
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how the reader feels
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symbolism
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noun of event that stands for itself or something beyond itself
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tone
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how the author feels
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irony
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contrast between expectancy and reality
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types of irony/explain
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verbal-being sarcastic
situational-contrast between expectancy and reality dramatic-know something a character doesnt |
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how to idenify a hero
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-obscure origin
-neither fools nor invincible -called upon to make a large journey -hero's way is not always direct or clear -heros way has dangers, temptation, loneliness -guide or guides |
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history as an event
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all inclusive, everything is in it
big happens once and then gone no longer seen caused by many things |
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history as an account
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selective
things left out of the account smaller can be used in the present visible created, someone's perspective |
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what shapes accounts
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ethnocentrism
skills/talents experiences knowledge/ideas importance/purpose |
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institutions (6)
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Economy-The way man uses his enviroments to fill his material needs
Government-Need for law and order Religion-need for shared beliefs Education-need for knowlege and learning Family-need to care and raise kids Language/Arts/Self Expression-need for communication |
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griot, jula, djeleba, bard
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teller of families
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camels
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bactrian-2 humps, 400 lbs, 25 miles a day
dromedary-1 hump, 100 miles a day |
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tributes/tributary societies
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gifts that conquered ppl give,
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Sundiata Kieta-kafu
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-one big Muslim family, wanted to unite mali through religion
-lets the farmers keep malinka to keep industrial revolution "Green Revolution" (grains and peanuts) -"Protector of the Malinka" -armies of 10,000---1,000 cavalry |
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madrasas
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schools to learn the Koran
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shites
sunnis |
shites-desendant of M.=Fatima
sunni-caliph or qualified "official" |
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4 caliphs
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1.Abu Bakr=father-in-law
2.Uman Ibn al-Khattab 3.Uthman Ibn Affan 4.Ali-son in law |
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split in caliphs
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-Uthmans family wanted revenge, so Mu'awiyah moves capital to Damascus (Umayyads), and became calliph, son Yazid come to power and Muslim permanantly splits,
-Umayyads=greates territorrial expansion conquered all of North AFrica and into Spain, stopped at Battle of Tours by Charles Martel |
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Abbasid Dynasty
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-height of islamic civilization
-1055, Turks take over and allow the caliph to rule -1258, Mamluks stop mongols -1453, Ottomans take over |
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people of the Han
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chinese ppl
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kunlunshan, tienshan, alta, himmalayas, and tibet plataeu
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mountains
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gobi taki
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deserts
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assets/liabilities of the geography
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mountains/desert-barbarians cant get in, water from the melting snow
liabilities-cant get out |
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rivers...
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Yellow river-Huang He (Chinas sorrow)
Xi Jiang-West river Chang Jiang-Yangtze |
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hegemony
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takeover the world through economic development
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Pan Gu
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18,000 yrs, chaos, shells=heaven and earth
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cities
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1.Palace and temple
2.Government officials houses, public buildings 3.Artisan houses, and workshops 4.Graveyards |
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shang kings
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spoke to gods, ancestor worship, talk w/ dieties of nature
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confusianism
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-Kongzl
-code of behavior -thought he was a failure -know your duties in society -world=inequality -filialpiety (son helps parents;mom "chooses" wife) |
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5 relationships
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ruler-subject
husband-wife father-son older brother-younger brother friend-friend |
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Buddhism
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-Siddartha Gautama (Sakyamuni) 566
-Kshatriya prince -Why do ppl suffer/hermit, renunciation/tempted by Mara during enlightenment -Sakyamuni, Amida Buddha, Healing Buddha, etc -took from Hinduism/reincarnation, nirvana, Karma -The Revadas-teacher Buddha/Mataynas=Buddha should be worshipped as a savior |
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4 Noble truths
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-Life is full of pain and suffering
-Suffering is caused by craving -To stop suffering, stop craving -To accomplish this, follow the Eightfold Path |
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Eightfold Path
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Proper/Correct...
-views -effort -action -livlihood -speech -meditation -awareness -thoughts |
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Daoism
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-Lao-Tzu 604
-"The Way", idividuals relationship w/ nature -Humans reject...wealth, power, adn ambition -Must... attune yourself to nature, free from desire, humble yourself, balance life w/ nature, and lilve a harmonious life -Wu Wei, to act w/o action -Dao De Jing-Daoist idea book, their Bible -must have inequalities -Compasion=Courage, Generosity=Balance, and Humility=Leadership -water is soft but erodes all things |
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Chinas Examination Hell
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-study and learn
-not socialy adapt, no ppl skills -Civil Service Exam=test for gov -scholars, lots of influence, family gains status -Bureacracy=branches rule, "red tape" -scholars=bureacrats -start studying at 3 yrs old/taught by mom -start to use Primer of 1000 Characters -went to school at 7 yrs old -sent to village, private school, or tutored -knew the 4 Books and the 5 Classics -200 characters per day -at age 15, you know 431,286 characters -no math or science -when you are a scholar, grow out fingernails |
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Christianity/Rome
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-eurot-sit on ass and inherit
-600, church picks up pieces to puzzle, elect "papa" -pope was religious and political -Theocracy -Mesada=70 AD |
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Midevel Europe
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-trade no more until 1100
-5th to 15th=Middle Ages -5th to 11th= early, 11th to 15th=late -RCC rules all/tries heretics, (excommunicated), sets up schools, monastaries, and convents -Preserved Greco-Roman culture -taxes, repair roads/acqueducts/bridges, and tithe -church crowned kings |
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Feudalism
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-fuedalism=political system based on land ownership (fief) for military service and loyalty
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Homage
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-feudal ceremony that establishes the "contract" between vassal and Lord
1.vassal recieves land from the lord-fief 2.in return, vassals give services for lord 3.certain amount of knights for battle 4.40-60 days in the army 5.food and lodging when the lord visits 6.gifts when the lords children marry 7.ransom for lords |
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chivalry
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-code of behavior for nobles, especially kings
1.brave in battle 2.fight fairly 3.keep promises 4.defend the church 5.treat women of noble birth with courtesy 6.become basis of proper etiquette in western society |
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knighthood
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PAGE-7 yrs, sent to a nobles house to learn proper manners and some weaponry
SQUIRE-15 yrs, apprentice to a knight, aid a knight, care for horses, clean weapons, shine armor, use weapons properly KNIGHTING-dubbed knight(in a church) at age 18-20 |
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Manorialsim
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-land is money-economic system that describes ties between nobles and peasents
-farmed the land, prepaired bridges and roads -manor had to be self-sufficient (no trade), and the smithys,carpenters, etc lived on the manor |
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early middle ages architecture
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Romanesque
low, narrow windows, low cielings, dark, walls are thick, simple, not fancy |
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late middle ages
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Gothic
elaborate, spines, roofs are high |
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womens rights
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-noblewomen had almost no rights, arranged marriages, midevil women did everything on the manor except working the plows
-during seiges when the men were gone, women fought -church festivals on sundays |
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Peace of G-d/Truth of G-d
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POG-no fighting in churches
TOG-no fighting on holy days |
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Magna Carta/clergys
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-King John 1, 1215
-first time the power of the kings were limited (small taxes, protected rights, required trials of nobles) -monastary, life of work, meditation, law of silence, simple clothes and food -secular clergy-had contact w/ outside world -regular clergy-Benidctine rules of poverty, chastity, and obedience, no contact w/ outside world |
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Troubled Church
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-loses power gradually
-Babylonian captivity=Pope moves to Avio, France (France is strong, monarchs have more power) -Great Schism (1378-1417), two popes in France/Rome -undermined pope authority, popes are perfect, how can there be 2 popes -resolved by electing third pope, Martin V |
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Reformation of the Church
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-pple were tired of fees for everything
-simony ($) -Nepotism (family) |
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Jon Wyclyffe
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-tranlates Bible from latin
-ppl can interperet Bible for themselves -Lallerds, destroy pics. of saints, mass, and ate commmunion bread w/ onion ===dont need rituals, just interperet the Bible |
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Jon Hus
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-Husites wanted control of Bohemia
-Hus burned at stake by mob -Church says--keep your country but keep your alliance to the RCC |
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7 sacrements
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-baptism-become member of Church
-holy eucharist-take communion -confermation-confirm your belief in G-d of the Church -pennance-confesion -holy matrimony -annointing-last rights -holy orders-monks and nuns "marriage" to G-d |
