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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List 4 characteristics of viruses.
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definite shape
genes ability to infect host cells ultramicroscopic size |
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Host cells of viruses include;
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humans and other animals
plants and fungi bacteria protozoa and fungi |
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Classification of viruses into families involves determining atleast 4 factors. What are they?
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type of nucleic acid
type of capsid presence of an envelope number of strands in the nucleic acid |
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Virus capsids are made from subunits called...
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capsomeres
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helical and icosahedral are terms used to describe the shapes of a virus'...
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capsid
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List 4 characteristics that pertain to virus envelopes?
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gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane
gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane membrane contain special virus proteins help the virus particle attach to host cells |
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Viral envelopes are not associated with every virus. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
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These structures are used by bacteriophages to attach to host cell receptors.
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tail fibers
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List 4 facts about prophages.
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present when the virus is in lysogeny
formed when viral DNA enters the bacterial chromosome |
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T even phages infect E. coli cells. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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List the 6 sequence of events in viral multiplication.
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1. adsorption
2. penetration 3. replication 4. maturation 5. assembly 6. release |
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List an event that occurs in bacteriophage multiplication that does not occur in animal virus replication is...
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Injection of the viral nucleic acid into the host cell
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Viruses acquire envelopes around their nucleocapsids during...
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release
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List 4 media that will support viral cultivation.
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1. live lab animals
2. embryonated bird eggs 3. primary cell cultures 4. continuous cell cultures |
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In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the hosts cells nucleus, while most RNA viruses multiply in the hosts cells cytoplasm. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Host range is limited by...
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type of host cell receptors on cell membrane
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The virus induced, specific damage to the host cell that can be seen in a light microscope is called...
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cytopathic effects
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Visible clear, well defined patches in a monolayer of virus infected cells in a culture are called...
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plaques
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Viral growth in bird embryos can cause discrete, opaque spots in the embryonic membranes called...
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pocks
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Viruses that cause infection resulting in alternating periods of activity with symptoms and inactivity without symptoms are called...
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latent
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Oncogenic viruses include...
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1. hepatitis B virus
2. papilloma virus 3. HTLV1 and HTLV11 viruses 4. Epstein Barr virus |
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List 4 characteristics of viral induced cytopathic effects.
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1. inclusions in the nucleus
2. multinucleated giant cells 3. inclusions in cytoplasm 4. cells round up |
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Uncoating of viral nucleic acid...
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1. does not occur in bacteriophage multiplication
2. involves enzymatic destruction of the capsid 3. occurs during penetration in the multiplication cycle 4. occurs before replication |
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Infectious protein particles are called...
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prions
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Infectious naked strands of RNA are called...
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viroids
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Creutafeldt-Jacob disease is...
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a spongiform encephalopathy of humans
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Satellite viruses are... dependent on other viruses for replication. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Reverse transcriptase synthesizes...
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viral DNA from RNA
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Viruses attach to their hosts via...
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host glcoproteins
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Viral spikes bind viral capsid and envelope together. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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