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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the basic shape classifications of bacteria?
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Cocci(spheres) bacilli(rods) and spirochetes(spirals).
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What are he different pattern arrangements of cocci and common examples of each?
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Diplococci(Neisseria) chains(Streptococci) clusters(Staphylococci).
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What are the 2 maqin gram positive cocci bacteria? How are they differentiated?
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Strep and Staph. Staphylococci is catalase positive whereas Streptococcus is catalase negative.
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What other bacteria are catalase positive?
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Obligate aerobes(pseudomonas) facultative anerobes(Listeria, Enterobacteriacae.
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Name the clinically relevant Staphylococcus species?
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Staph. aureus-coag positive
Staph. epidermidis-coagulase negative, novobiocin resistant. |
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Staph. saprophyticus-is coag negative, novobiocin resistant. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE
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Sheep blood agar is used to differentiate Streptococcus with alpha, beta and gamma hemolysis. Describe these.
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gamma- no hemolysis
alpha-partial hemolysis with central clearing due to hemolysin enzymes. |
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Name some bacteria that display alpha, beta and gamma hemolysis.
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alpha- Strep. pneumoniae, viridans Streptococcus and some enterococci
Beta- Strep. pyogenes, Strep. agalactiae, S. aureus, Listeria monocytogenes. gamma-Some enterococci |
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Lancefield group antigens are CHO present in the cell walls of Strep. species and serve as a means of classification.
Name the bacteria belonging to the following Lancefield antigens. L-group A L-group B L-group C |
A-S. pyogenes
B- S. agalactiae D- Strep. bovis and Enterococci(Enterococcus fecalis and E. faecium. Note that Enterococcus was split from the Strep. genera in the late 1980s and is now its own genera. |
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Which group D bacteria, Streptococcus or Enterococcus, can grow in hypertonic(6.5%, saline? Which cannot?
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Enterococci can grow in hypertonic saline and S. bovis cannot.
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What 2 tests can differentiate S. pneumoniae from viridans Streptococcus?
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S. pneumoniae: optochin(detergent like compound) sensitive and quellung test positive.
Viridans Streptococcus optochin resistant and quellung negative. |
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What test can differentiate S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae?
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Bacitracin sensitivity.
S. pyogenes is bacitracin sensitive and S. agalactiae is bacitracin resistant. |
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What are the clinically relevant gram positive bacilli/ Which ones form spores?
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Corynebacterium, Listeria, Bacillus and Clostridium. Bacillus and Clostridium form spores. Bacillus is an obligate aerobe while Clostridium is an obligate anerobe.
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Which Gram positive bacillus has metachromatic granules?
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Corynebacterium diptheriae. The granules are composed of phosphate inclusions.
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Name two filamentous fungi like gram positive bacteria.
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Nocardia(obligate aerobe, weakly acid fast) and Actinomyces(obligate anerobe).
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What are the clinically relevant gram negative cocci bacteria?
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Neisseria meningitidis, N. gonorrhea, and Moraxella catarrhalis.
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