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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Immunocompromised
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Patients with serious diseases who are highly predisposed to infections by a variety of opportunistic bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral pathogens
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Patients with serious diseases who are highly predisposed to infections by a variety of opportunistic bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral pathogens
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Immunocompromised
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What is the Leading cause of death in immunocompromised?
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Infection rather than primary illness becomes the leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients.
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Widespread disturbances in the_______ and________ responses (defense mechanisms) occur in patients with malignancy.
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Humoral
and cellular immune responses. |
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What contributes substantially to the breakdown of mucosal barriers and a decrease in cell-mediated immune (CMI) reactivity to patients.
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Cytotoxic drugs drugs administered
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Granulocytopenia or reduction in granulocytes is commonly demonstrated in patients with ..?
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-hematologic malignancies and those.
-those receiving -Chemotherapy therapy |
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When deos the risk of infection increase steadily/ increases with duration of immunosupression.
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Once the granulocyte count drops below 1000 cells/mm3,
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Below 1000 cells/mm3 , the mortality rate maybe be as high as ?
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60%
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Fatality rate among patients whose neutrophil count below ________ during the first week of infection may be as high as _______.
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100 cells/mm3
80%. |
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Hodgkin’s disease presents_______.
(3 things occure to cells) |
Decrease in the number of neutrophils.
Inadequate neutrophil function, including the inability to migrate to sites of inflammation. |
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What predisposes patients suffering from Chronic leukemia and Hodgkin’s disease (HD) to infections?
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Impaired phagocytosis, reduced killing of ingested organisms .
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________ more susceptible to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection than adults are
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Children with cancer
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Children with cancer more susceptible to ?
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cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection
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The most common with manifestation of Children w/ cancer and CMV is?
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pneumonia
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The most common manifestation of Children w/ cancer and CMV is pneumonia, which may be ______ or _______and is usually accompanied by _______and _______.
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unilateral or bilateral
accompanied by severe bacterial and fungal infection. |
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In Children w/ cancer and CMV:
Dissemination affects the... (Name atleast 4) |
lungs,
kidney, lymph nodes, heart, adrenals, spleen, pancreas, and bone marrow. |
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In Children w/ cancer and CMV:
Death sometimes occurs with _______, _______ and ________ |
myocarditis
renal failure adrenal insufficiency |
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Patients with C3defiency are particularly susceptible to ....?
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Sepsis with pyogenic bacteria such as S. Aureus.
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What patients are particulary suceptible to to sepsis with pyogenic bacteria such as S. Aureus.
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Patients with C3defiency
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Organ transplant patients may develop specific types of infection at certain intervals after transplantation occurs.
First month-_________are most common. |
prospective bacteria infections are most common
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In Organ transplant patients _________, ______ and _____ are most likely to be reported.
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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), varicella-zoster and
hepatitis virus are most likely to be reported. |
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Major risk following post splenectomy is __________ infection or ___________.
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-over whelming bacteria
-post splenectomy sepsis. |
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Major risk following post splenectomy is over whelming bacterial infection or post splenectomy sepsis.Resulting in the .......
(2) |
-body’s decreased ability to clear bacteria.
-lowered levels of protein in blood plasma |
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Major risk following post splenectomy is over whelming bacterial infection or post splenectomy sepsis.
Resulting in the body’s decreased ability to clear bacteria from the blood system and lowered levels of protein in blood plasma which helps fight______(through which antibody?________ |
viruses (IgM)
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Loss of splenic function puts patients at risk of infections such as .....
(4) |
S. Pneumonae (Pneaumococcus), Heamophilus influenzae,
N. meningitidis(meningococcal) and malaria |
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Risk of infections such as S. Pneumonae (Pneaumococcus), Heamophilus influenzae, N. meningitidis (meningococcal) and malaria maybe as a result of?
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Loss of splenic function.
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The greatest risk of Post-splenectomy infection is in what population of patients.
(2) |
children in patients with malignant disease and
during 2 years after splenectomy. |
