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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Type I hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by _____ whereas Type II and III are mediated by ___.
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IgE and IgG
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The Type I late phase is due to _______ that are synthesized after the cell degranulates.
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Leukotrienes (SRS-A)
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________ is not involved with either the immediate or late Type I reactions because IgE does not activate it.
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Complement
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The most severe form of hypersensitivity is ________, in which severe bronchocontriction and hypotension (shock) can be life threatening.
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Systemic anaphylaxis
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Found in mast cells and basophils - causes vasodilation, capillary permeability and smooth muscle contraction.
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Histamine
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Consists of several leukotrienes that do not exist in a preformed state but are produced during anaphylactic reactions.
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SRS-A
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These are the principle mediators of bronchoconstriction of asthma and are not influenced by antihistamines. They cause increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction and are formed from arachidonic acid in the lipoxygenase pathway.
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Leukotrienes
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Are derived from arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase pathway. Cause dilitation and increased vascular permeability of capillaries and bronchoconstriction.
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Prostaglandins and Thromboxanes
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In asthma, the airway hyperactivity appears to be caused by _____.
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IL-13
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Radioimmunoassay test to detect specific IgE antibodies to suspected or known allergens. The suspected allergen is bound to an insoluble material and the patient's serum is added. If the serum contains antibodies to the allergen, those antibodies will bind to the allergen. Radiolabeled anti-human IgE antibody is added where it binds to those IgE antibodies already bound to the insoluble material. The unbound anti-human IgE antibodies are washed away. The amount of radioactivity is proportional to the serum IgE for the allergen.
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RAST
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This long-term administration of small amounts of antigen stimulates production of IgG blocking antibodies in the serum which prevent antigen binding IgE on mast cells.
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Chronic Desensitization
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This type of hypersensitivity occurs when anigen binds antibody and activates complement producing a MAC and damaging the cell membrane.
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Type II
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This type of hypersensitivity occurs in ABO transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemias and Rh hemolytic disease.
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Type II
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In this disease, the antibody to the basement membrane of kidneys and lungs binds and activates complement. Severe damage is done to the membranes by leukocytes attracted to the site by C5a.
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Goodpasture's Syndromw (Type II)
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This immune complex mediated hypersensitivity occurs when antibody complexes induce an inflammatory response in the tissues.
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Type III hypersensitivity.
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Arthus reaction and serum sickness are types of what hypersensitivity?
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Type III
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Inflammation caused by deposition of immune complexes at localized sites. Can lead to vascular occlusion and necrosis.
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Arthus Reaction
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A systemic inflammatory response to the presence of immune complexes deposited in many areas of the body
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Serum Sickness
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Hypersensitivity that results from T lymhocytes, not antibody. It starts hours to days after contact with the antigen:
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Type IV
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Determined by the constant region on the heavy chain
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Isotype
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