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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does paralytic polio occur in the world?
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only in developed countries that clean up their water, this delays polio infection till later in life
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what age is best to get polio?
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as an infant
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What is the defining features of polio?
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asymmetric flaccid paralysis
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What antiviral may affect polio virius?
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picovir, because it affects picorna viruses like polio
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what is the only host of polio?
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humans
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How is polio transmitted and when was it most common?
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fecal oral route
most common in summer-autumn, because of swimming pool use |
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How common is paralysis with polio?
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only about 1 in 100
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What part of the body does polio affect to cause paralysis?
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this affects the nerve roots in the spine
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what action right before infection highly correlated with paralysis?
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intense use of the muscle right before getting infected typically causes paralysis
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What is IRES?
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this is internal ribosomes entry site, substitutes for a 7'metylgunasine cap.
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What does VPg do in polio?
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this is needed to initiate viral RNA replication in the body
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what kind of paralysis puts you in an iron lung?
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bulbar paralysis from polio
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what is post polio syndrome?
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this is muscular atrophy decades after a paralytic polio case.
shows as pain and weakness fatigue- caused by destruction of nerves that did survive being overworked |
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What did the Salk vaccine do wrong?
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it didnt kill all the virus/inactivate it properly- so it gave some people paralyzing polio
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What polio vaccine do we use in the US?
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enhanced potency vaccine IPV (e-IPV)
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How is the Sabin live polio vaccine given?
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this is an oral trivalent polio vaccine
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Is the Sabin vaccine given in the US?
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no, because it can have a back mutation to a neruovirulent form. there are about 10-12 cases per year.
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What virus was co infected with original polio vaccine?
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SV40 - ended up producing cancers
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What disease is associated with SV40 infection?
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PML- progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
this is a demyeinating infection- shows with age and immune suppression |
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what infections are entroviruses typically associated with?
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usually associated with intestinal infection
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are ECHO and Coxsackie safe for infants, like polio?
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no they are not, they are very bad in neonatals
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What does coxsackie A typically attack?
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heart muscle, with necrosis of voluntary muscle fibers
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Where does coxsackie B typically attack?
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this is focal areas of degeneration of the brain, and focal necrosis of skeletal muscle
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what are the signs of newborn ECHO/ coxsackie infection?
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sudden onset fever, vomiting, rash
Bulging anterior fontanelle |
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How can you treat coxsackie viruses?
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pleconaril
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how does the body clear enteroviruses?
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via antibodies
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How can you diagnose enterovriuses?
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throat/fecal cultures
RT-PCR |
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What time of year of enterovirus (coxsackie and ECHO) infections most common?
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during summer and fall
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What disease does enterovirus 70 cause?
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acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
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What are the signs of enterovrius 70?
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rapid onset swelling, lacrimation, and hemorrhage of subconjunctiva
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What does LCMV cause?
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menningitis
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what group of viruses does LCMV belong to?
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arena virus
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what is the genome of LCMV like?
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this has a - sense, and an ambisense (which delays expression)
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What is the disease vector for LCMV?
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the house mouse!
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What are the clinical manifestations of LCMV?
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flu like symptoms
can cause meningitis, or rarely encephlitis |
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Can LCMV be passed from pregnant mother to baby?
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yes it can, it is risky
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what time of year is LCMV most common?
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autumn- winter (when mice would try and get into a house to escape the cold)
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How do you diagnose LCMV?
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aseptic meningitis- (glucose is not depleted)
exposure to rodents being poor |
