Microbiology Winter L1 Eye Infections

Front 1

What is Blepharitis?

Back 1

this is an infection of the eyelids

Front 2

What bacteria usually causes blepharitis?

Back 2

S. aureus

Front 3

What 3 Viruses cause Blepharitis?

Back 3

Herpies simplex
Varicella zoster
Mollsucum contagiosum

Front 4

What are the signs of orbital cellulitis?

Back 4

edema of eyelids, and restricted globe (eye) movement

Front 5

What three bugs usually cause Orbital cellulitis? which one usually causes it in kids under 3 years old?

Back 5

S. Aureus
S. pyogenes

and H. influenzae causes it in kids under 3

Front 6

What is cellulitis usually a manifestation of?

Back 6

another infection, caused by trauma, septicemia, or sinus infection

Front 7

What is conjunctivitis?

Back 7

itcing, burning, discarge from the conjuctiva- no significant pain, doesnt impair vision

Front 8

What is the spread of conjunctivitis like?

Back 8

usually unilateral-> spreading to both eyes

Front 9

What four things can cause conjunctivitis?

Back 9

infections
allergy
chemicals
diminished tear production in old people

Front 10

What is bacterial conjuctivitis usually like?

Back 10

characterized by copious mucopurulent discharge

Front 11

What causes pink eye in kids?

Back 11

H. influenzae

Front 12

What is the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis?

Back 12

usually it clears it up on its own within 24-48 hours.

be ware of complications

Front 13

What bug usually causes inclusion conjunctivitis?

Back 13

chlamydia trachomatis

Front 14

what environmental conditions are present with chlamydia trachomatis?

Back 14

people without access to clean water, sanitation, low income

Front 15

What is the presentation of adult inclusion conjunctivitis?

Back 15

numerous papillae on lower conjunctival membrane

Front 16

Why do repeat chlamydia infections occur in the eye?

Back 16

there are many serotypes, this can lead to conreal damage

Front 17

What is the leading cause of preventable blindness?

Back 17

C. trachomatis

Front 18

What is the progression of Trachoma like?

Back 18

this is a slow progression, with necrosis of the eyelid.

eventually progresses to neovascularization into the cornea itself-> clouding the eye

Front 19

What are the two main person to person transmission vectors for trachoma?

Back 19

flies and infected fomites like dirty towels

Front 20

What is the main test for diganosing trachoma?

Back 20

use iodine to look for inclusion bodies of c. trachoma

Front 21

What are the treatments for Trachoma?

Back 21

erythromycin

education

Front 22

What is opthalmia neonatorum?

Back 22

this is a conjunctivitis within the first 28 days of life is typical

Front 23

What usually causes neonatal conjunctivitis

Back 23

use prophylaxis of conjunctivitis- to prevent prevent purulent conjunctivitis

Front 24

What do you used to treat opthalmia neonatorum?

Back 24

1% silver nitrate plus erythromycin or tetracycline

Front 25

What causes unilateral erythematous conjunctivitis in new borns?

Back 25

C. trachomatis

my also co-exist with chlamydia pneumonia

Front 26

what is the diagnosis key for trachomatis?

Back 26

high index of suspicion

Front 27

What are the three viruses responsible for viral conjunctivitis?

Back 27

adenovirus
primary herpies simplex
varicella zoster

Front 28

what bug causes shipyard eye?

Back 28

adenovirus

Front 29

what is shipyard eye?

Back 29

these are adenovirus replication sites within the cornea itself. called Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

Front 30

What bugs usually cause acute epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis?

Back 30

cosackie, enterovirus, adenovirus

Front 31

What conditions usually lead to cute epidemic hemorrhagic conjunctivitis?

Back 31

crowding and poor hygiene

Front 32

What color does pseudomonas aeruginosa create?

Back 32

green! bright green!

Front 33

What is keratitis?

Back 33

this is a unilateral infection of the conrea with severe pain, photophobia, and decreased vision

Front 34

does VZV cross the midline?

Back 34

no it does not, it follows a dematome distribution

Front 35

Whats the treatment for VZV?

Back 35

valcyclovir

Front 36

What is the leading cause of infectious blindness in developed countries?

Back 36

HSV-1

Front 37

How does HSV that cause viral keratitis become reactivated?

Back 37

by a state of temporary or incomplete immune suppression

Front 38

What are the signs of epitheralial HSV keratitis?

Back 38

dendritic figures on the corneal surface

Front 39

What type of HSV keratitis is most severe?

Back 39

stromal HSV disease

this is deeper and has more inflammation

Front 40

When you get a VZV infection of the eye, what type of infection is it? primary or relapse?

Back 40

this is usually a recrudescent infection, from the trigeminal nerve root typically

Front 41

What do eye HSV infections scraping reveal?

Back 41

multinucleated giant cells

Front 42

What are the characteristic lesions of the eye associated with adenovirus?

Back 42

punctiform lesions, or shipyard eye

Front 43

What does S. pneumoniae do to the eye?

Back 43

this can cause bacterial keratitis

Front 44

With soft contact lens use, what bacteria tends to get in the eye?

Back 44

pesudomonas eruginosa

Front 45

What happens in the anterior chamber of someone with a P. aeruginosa infection?

Back 45

leukocytes collect in the anterior chamber, and causes corneal ulceration

Front 46

What virus is most commonly causes retinitis?

Back 46

CMV

Front 47

can you supresses CMV with acyclovir?

Back 47

no you can not

Front 48

What does CMV cause in AIDS pts?

Back 48

this causes retinitis, which leads to loss of sight

Front 49

what is endopthalmitis?

Back 49

deep infection of the eye

Front 50

when does endopthalmitis usually occur?

Back 50

post cataract surgery on injection drug users. (B. cereus)
Typically Right eye