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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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when does DNA synthesis occur
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just before division or reproduction (binary fission)
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DNA replication is the same as DNA ____
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synthesis
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DNA replication is ____ because each chromosome ends up with 1 old strand & 1 new strand
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semiconservative
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how many origins of replication in prokaryotes
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1
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dna replication begins at the ____ of ____
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origin - replication
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____ unwinds & unzips DNA double helix for dna replication
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helicase
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in dna replication, an ____ ____ is synthesized
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RNA primer
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DNA ____ adds nucleotides in a ____ to ____ direction
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polymerase III - 5-3
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the ____ strand is synthesized by ____ ____ continuously in 5'-3' direction
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leading - DNA polymerase (of a new strand)
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the ____ strand is synthesized by ____ ____ 5' - 3' in short segments
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lagging - DNA polymerase
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overall direction of lagging strand is ____
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3' - 5'
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in DNA replication ___ means it runs in opposite direction
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anti-parallel
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in DNA replication, DNA polymerase adds only to ____ end (replication moves 5'→3')
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3'
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about a dozen ____ & ____ are involved in replication
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enzymes - proteins
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DNA polymerase is an enzyme that adds ____
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bases
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the central dogma of cell & molecular biology is the flow of ____ in cells
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information
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reverse transcription happens in some
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viruses
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in transcription, DNA is used to synthesize
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RNA
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____ ____ is the enzyme responsible for transcription
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RNA polymerase
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translation makes a ____ using information provided by ____ ____
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protein - messenger RNA
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translation occurs on where
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ribosome
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translation is for ____ synthesis
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protein
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each ____ of nucleotides (mRNA) specifies a particular amino acid
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codon
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a protein's ____ structure determines its shape & function
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primary
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proteins determine ____type
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pheno
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____ is the blueprint
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DNA
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living things are what their ____ make them
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proteins
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variations of order & types of ____ ____ will dictate the shape & function of the protein
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amino acids
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which is faster in protein synthesis? Prokaryote or eukaryote
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prokaryote (bacteria)
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tRNA's job is to transfer 1 amino acid to ____ & growing ____ ____
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ribosome - polypeptide chain
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the start codon is always ____
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AUG
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tRNA have an ____ that corresponds to the amino acid it carries
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anti-codon
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