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34 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
in the ____ ____, there is a ____ & a ____ must be designed
scientific method - hypothesis - test
in the ____ ____, changing a factor results with the ____ factor
scientific method - independent
in the ____ ____, ____ or ____ the hypothesis depends on the ____ collected
scientific method - accepting - rejecting - results
in the ____ ____, retest make a ____
scientific method - theory
overtime, a theory becomes a ____
law
trustworthiness of an experiement is dependent upon the ____ ____
same size
introduced the belief that life arose from nonliving matter or spontaneous generation
aristotle
first to see dead cells
hooke 1660s
first to see living cells
leeuwenhoek 1670s - 1723
father of microbiology
van leeuwenhoek
first scientist to disprove spontaneous generation with maggots
francesco redi late 1680's
van leeuwenhoen first called the microorganisms ____
animicules
scientist that proved spontaneous generation with chicken broth
needham 1740s - 1770s
scientist that disproved spontaneous generation with chicken broth
spallanzani
scientist that disproved spontaneous generation once and for all
pasteur 1860s
pasteur invented ____
pasteurization
who saved the wine & silk industry
pasteur
pasteur established cause and effect with ____ & ____
microbes - disease
pasteurization is the application of
high heat for a short time
who discovered endospores
cohn
what's so special about endospores
not killed by boiling
who discovered sterilization
tyndall
tyndall discovered some bacteria exist in 2 forms
heat stable - heat sensitive
tyndall used heat treatments called
tyndallization
germ theory of disease states that ____ may cause ____ ____
microbes - disease
who advocated hand washing to prevent transmission of puerperal fever from one OB patient to another
ignaz semmelwise 1840s
who noticed death rates higher in maternity wards staffed by medical students than those attended by midwives
semmelwise
who is the father of modern antispes
joseph lister 1800s
lister discoverved spraying ____, ____, ____ & dressings with an ____ (carbolic acid) before surgery dramatically reduced incidence of gangrene
instruments - skin - wounds - antiseptic
who developed the agar plate and added nutrients
robert koch
who proved a bacterium caused anthrax
robert koch
____ ____ are used to prove the cause of an infectious disease
koch's postulate
____ ____ are a sequence of experimental steps to relate a specific microbe to a specific disease
koch's postulate
4 steps of koch's postulates
associate - isolate - reisolate - inoculate