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172 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MOIST HEAT
Bacillus subtilis |
121 C for 1 minute
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MOIST HEAT
B. stearothermophilis |
121 C for 12 minutes
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MOIST HEAT
Clostridium botulinum |
120 C for 10 minutes
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MOIST HEAT
C. tetani |
105 C for 10 minutes
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DRY HEAT
Bacillus subtilis |
121 C for 120 minutes
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DRY HEAT
B. stearothermophilis |
140 C for 5 minutes
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DRY HEAT
Clostridium botulinum |
120 C for 120 minutes
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DRY HEAT
C. tetani |
100 C for 60 minutes
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Non-sporing-forming bacteria
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58 C for 28 minutes
or 61 C for 18 minutes |
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Vegatative stage of spore-forming bacteria
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58 C for 19 minutes
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Fungal spores
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76 C for 22 minutes
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Yeast
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59 C for 19 minutes
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VIRUS
Nonenveloped |
57 C for 29 minutes
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VIRUS
Enveloped |
54 C for 22 minutes
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Protozoan trophozoites
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46 C for 16 minutes
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Protozoan cysts
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60 C for 6 minutes
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Worm eggs
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54 C for 3 minutes
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Worm larvae
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60 C for 10 minutes
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Chlorine
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Sporicidal (slowly)
Intermediate |
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Iodine
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Sporicidal (slowly)
Intermediate |
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Phenolics
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Some bacteria, viruses, fungi
Low to intermediate |
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Chlorhexidine
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Most bacteria, some viruses, fungi
Low to intermediate |
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Alcohols
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Most bacteria, viruses, fungi
Intermediate |
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Hydrogen peroxide, stabilized
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Sporicidal
High |
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Quaternary ammonium compounds
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Some bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal activity
Low |
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Soaps
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Certain very sensitive species
Very low |
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Mercurials
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Weakly microbistatic
Low |
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Silver nitrate
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Bactericidal
Low |
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Glutaraldehyde
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Sporicidal
High |
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Formaldehyde
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Sporicidal
Intermediate to high |
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Ethylene oxide gas
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Sporicidal
High |
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Dyes
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Weakly bactericidal, fungicidal
Low |
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AQUEOUS IODINE
Staphyloccus aureus |
2% for 2 minutes
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AQUEOUS IODINE
Escherichia coli |
2% for 1.5 minutes
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AQUEOUS IODINE
Enteric viruses |
2% for 10 minutes
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CHLORINE
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
50 ppm for 50 seconds
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CHLORINE
Entamoeba cysts (protozoa) |
0.1 ppm for 150 minutes
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CHLORINE
Hepatits A virus |
3 ppm for 30 minutes
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PHENOL
Staphylococcus aureus |
1:85 dil for 10 minutes
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PHENOL
Escherichia coli |
1:75 dil for 10 minutes
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CHLORHEXIDINE
Staphylococcus aureus |
1:10 dil for 15 seconds
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CHLORHEXIDINE
Escherichia coli |
1:10 dil for 30 seconds
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ETHYL ALCOHOL
Staphylococcus aureus |
70% for 10 minutes
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ETHYL ALCOHOL
Escherichia coli |
70% for 2 minutes
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ETHYL ALCOHOL
Poliovirus |
70% for 10 minutes
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HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Staphylococcus aureus |
3% for 12.5 seconds
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HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
3% for 0.3 seconds
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HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Herpes simplex virus |
3% for 12.8 seconds
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QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND
Staphylococcus aureus |
450 ppm for 10 minutes
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QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND
Salmonella typhi |
300 ppm for 10 minutes
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SILVER IONS
Staphylococcus aureus |
8 ug/ml for 48 hours
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SILVER IONS
Escherichia coli |
2 mg/ml for 48 hours
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SILVER IONS
Candida albicans (yeast) |
14 mg/ml for 48 hours
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GLUTARALDEHYDE
Staphylococcus aureus |
2% for <1 minute
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GLUTARALDEHYDE
Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
2% for <10 minutes
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GLUTARALDEHYDE
Herpes simplex virus |
2% for <10 minutes
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ETHYLENE OXIDE GAS
Streptococcus faecalis |
500 mg/l for 2 - 4 minutes
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ETHYLENE OXIDE GAS
Influenza virus |
10,000 mg/l for 25 hours
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Lysol and Chlorox Sanitizing Wipes
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Dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride
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Tilex and Lysol Mildew Remover
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Sodium hypochlorites
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Ajax and Dial Antibacterial Hand Soap
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Triclosan
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Lysol Disinfecting Spray
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Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium saccharinate / ethanol
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ReNu Contact Lens Solution
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Polyaminopropyl biguanide
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Wet Ones Antibacterial Moist Towelettes
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Benzethonium chloride
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Noxzema Triple Clean
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Triclosan
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Scope Mouthwash
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Ethanol
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Purell Instant Hand Sanitizer
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Ethanol
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Pine-Sol
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Phenolics and surfactant
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Allergan Eye Drops
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Sodium chlorite
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Penicillins
Penicillin, ampicillin |
Bacteria
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Cephalosporins
Keflex, cefotaxime |
Bacteria
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Bacitracin
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Bacteria
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Aminoglycosides
Streptomycin, Gentamicin |
Bacteria
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Macrolides
Erythromycin, Vancomycin |
Bacteria
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Teracylines
Doxycycline |
Bacteria
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Chloramphenicol
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Bacteria
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Fluroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin |
Bacteria
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Rifampin
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Bacteria
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Sulfa drugs
Sulfasoxazole |
Bacteria
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Trimethoprim
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Bacteria
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Macrolides
Amphotericin B |
Fungi
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Azoles
Miconazole, Fluconazole |
Fungi
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Flucytosine
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Fungi
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Quinines
Chloroquine, Mefloquine |
Protozoa
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Metronidazole
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Protozoa
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Bendazoles
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Helminths
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Diethylcarbamide
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Helminths
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Piperazine
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Helminths
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Niclosamide
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Helminths
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Ivermectin
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Helminths
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Amantidine
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Viruses
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Cyclovirs
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Viruses
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Azidothymidine
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Viruses
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Fuzeon
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Block HIV infection by preventing binding of viral GP-41 receptors to cell receptor, thereby preventing fusion of virus with cell
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Amantidine and relatives
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Block entry of influenza virus by interfering with fusion of virus with cell membrane (also release)
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Temiflu, Relenza
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Stop the actions of influenza neuramidindase, required for entry of virus into cell
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Amantidine, Tamiflu
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Throught to interfere with influenza virus assembly or budding / release
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Acyclovir, other cyclovirs
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Terminates DNA replication in herpesviruses
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Nucleotides analog reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitors (zidovudine - AZT)
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Stop the action of reverse transcriptase in HIV, blocking viral DNA production
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Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nevirapine)
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Attach to HIV RT binding site, stopping its action
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Protease inhibitors Saquinavir (Fortovase), Ritonavir (Norvir)
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These insert onto HIV protease, an enzyme that clips viral proteins into functional pieces. Viruses are defective and unable to infect other cells.
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Penicillin G
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Skin
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Carbenicillin
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Platelets
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Ampicillin
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GI tract
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Cephalosporins
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Platelet function
White blood cells Kidney |
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Tetracyclines
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GI tract
Teeth, bone Skin |
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Chloramphenicol
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Bone marrow
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Aminoglycosides (streptomycin, gentamicin, amikacin)
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GI tract
Hair cells in cochlea Vestibular cells Neuromuscular Kidney tubules |
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Isoniazide
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Liver
Brain Skin |
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Sulfonamides
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Kidney
Red blood cells Platelets |
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Polymyxin
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Kidney
Neuromuscular system |
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Quinolones (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin)
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Nervous system
Bones GI tract |
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Rifampin
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Liver
Skin |
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Amphotericin B
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Kidney
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Flucytosine
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White blood cells
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Metronidazole
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GI tract
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Chloroquine
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GI tract
Brain Skin |
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Niclosamide
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GI tract
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Pyrantel
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GI tract
Brain |
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Acyclovir
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Brain
Skin |
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Amantadine
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Brain
GI tract |
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AZT
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Bone marrow
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Protease inhibitors
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Liver
Lipid metabolism Pancreas |
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Skin
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Staphylococcus
Micrococcus Corynebacterium Propionibacterium Sterptococcus Candida Malassezia Demodix mite |
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Gastrointestinal Tract
Oral Cavity |
Streptococcus
Neisseria Veillonella Fusobacterium Lactobacillus Bacteroides Actinomyces Eikenella Treponema Haemphilus Candida sp. Entamoeba gingivalis |
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Gastrointestinal Tract
Large intestine and rectum |
Bacteroides
Fusobacterium Bifidobacterium Clostridium fecal streptococci fecal staphylococci Lactobacillus coliforms (Escherichia, Enterobacter) Proteus sp. Candida Entamoeba coli Trichomonas hominis |
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Upper Respiratory Tract
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Streptococcus
Neisseria Veillonella Fusobacterium Lactobacillus Bacteroides Actinomyces Eikenella Treponema Haemophilus Candida sp. Entamoeba gingivalis |
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Genital Tract
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Lactobacillus
Streptococcus diphtheroids (Corynebacterium and relatives) Escherichia Gardnerella |
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Urinary Tract
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Staphylococcus
Streptococcus Corynebacterium Lactobacillus |
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Eye
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coagulase-negative staphylococci
Streptococcus Neisseria |
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Ear
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staphylococci
diphtheroids Aspergillus Penicillium Candida Yeasts |
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Fever
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Sign
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Chillis
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Symptoms
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Septicemia
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Signs
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Pain, ache, soreness, irritation
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Symptoms
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Microbes in tissue fluids
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Signs
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Nausea
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Symptoms
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Chest sounds
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Signs
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Malaise, fatigue
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Symptoms
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Skin eruptions
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Signs
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Chest tightness
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Symptoms
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Leukocytosis
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Itching
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Itching
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Symptoms
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Leukopenia
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Signs
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Headache
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Symptoms
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Swollen lymph nodes
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Signs
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Abdominal cramps
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Symptoms
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Tachycardia (increased heart rate)
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Sign
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Anorexia (lack of appetite)
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Symptoms
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Abscesss
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Signs
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Sore throat
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Symptoms
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Antibodies in serum
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Signs
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Rabies
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All mammals
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Yellow fever
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Wild birds, mammals, mosquitos
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Viral fevers
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Wild mammals
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Hantavirus
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Rodents
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Influenza
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Chicken, swine
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West Nile virus
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Wild birds, mosquitos
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Rocky Mountain spotted fever
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Dogs, ticks
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Psittacosis
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Birds
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Leptospirosis
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Domestic animals
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Anthrax
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Domestic animals
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Brucellosis
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Cattle, sheep, pigs
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Plague
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Rodents, fleas
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Salmonellosis
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Variety of mammals, birds, and rodents
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Tularemia
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Rodents, birds, arthropods
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Ringworm
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Domestic mammals
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Toxoplasmosis
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Cats, rodents, birds
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Trypanosomiasis
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Domestic and wild mammals
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Trichinosis
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Swine, bears
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Tapeworm
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Cattle, swine, fish
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Scabies
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Domestic animals
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