Microbiology Lecture 4 For Final

Front 1

Laryngitis and Tonsilitis involve what? (3)

Back 1

1) S. pneumoniae
2) S. pyogenes
3) viruses

Front 2

Sinusitis involves what?

Back 2

Many Types of Bacteria

Front 3

Epiglottitis involves what?

Back 3

H. influenzae

Front 4

Streptococcal Pharyngitis:
1) AKA
2) Caused by
3) Resistant to
3) Steptokinases does what
4) Styptolysins are what

Back 4

1) Soar throat
2) Steptococcus pyrogenes
3) Phagocytosis because the M protein on its surface helps it resist neutrophils
4) Lyse clots
5) cytotoxic

Front 5

Steptococcus pyogenes has what hemolysis?

Back 5

Beta

Front 6

Diphtheria:
1) Caused by
2) What kind of bacteria
3) Diptheria membrane contains (3)
4) Diptheria's toxin spreads
5) Prevent by
6) Grows

Back 6

1) Corynebacterium diptheriae
2) G+ rod
3) fibrin, dead tissue, and bacteria
4) to other tissues in the body and stops protein synthesis
5) DTaP
6) on membrane in the pharanyx

Front 7

Otitis Media:
1) symptoms
2) Infects what % of children prior to age 3
3) what % of office visitis of pediatricians
4) This bacteria causes 35% of case
5) This bacteria causes 20-30% of cases
6) Treated with
7) incidence of what reduced by vaccine?

Back 7

1) ear ache due to infection of ear drum with bacteria growing behind it
2) 85% 3) 50%
4) Streptococcus pneumoniae
5) Haemophilus influenzae
6) Broad spectrum antibiotics (25% of prescriptions)
7) S. pneumoniae

Front 8

Common Cold:
1) Causes 50% of cases and has 100 serotypes
2) Causes 30% of cases and has 60 serotypes
3) Causes 15-20% of cases and has 3 Serotypes

Back 8

1) Rhinovirus
2) AdenoViruses
3) Coronoviruses

Front 9

Coronaviruses:
1) What about the immune response
2) What is it also known for?

Back 9

1) Poor immune response, you can get infected by the same one over and over again
2) Known for SARS in Quanton China from a bat and if you are over 75 years old you had a 50% mortality rate

Front 10

What keeps the lower respiratory system sterile?

Back 10

Ciliary escalator

Front 11

Pertussis:
1) AKA?
2) Caused by?
3) Morphology?
4) Causes what kind of toxin?
5) Treated with?

Back 11

1) Whooping Cough
2) Bordetella Petussis
3) G- coccobacillus capsule
4) Tracheal cytotoxin, cell wall damaged ciliated cells and destroys tracheal Cells
5) DTaP

Front 12

Pertussis Toxin:
1) Inhibits what
2) How many micrograms to kill a 200lb person
3) What about the antitoxin?

Back 12

1) Protein Synthesis
2) 10
3) Must be administered rapidly if you suspect whooping cough

Front 13

Pertussis:
1) Stage 1?
2) Stage 2?
3) Stage 3?

Back 13

1) Catarrhal stage (inflammation of mucous membranes with free flowing discharge) like common cold
2) Paroxysmal stage: violent coughing siges can cause hemorrage in the brain
3) Convalescence stage

Front 14

Tuberculosis:
1) Caused by?
2) What about the rods
3) What about M. Bovis
4) What about M.Avium-intracellulare complex

Back 14

1) Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
2) Acid-fast rod transmitted from human to human
2) causes <1% U.S. cases, not transmitted from human to human
3) Infects people with late stage HIV infection

Front 15

Treatment of TB:
1) What 4 Antibiotics
2) What about the doses?

Back 15

1) Isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinadmide, rifampin
2) 130 doeses effective vs active, drug Susceptible TB

Front 16

What is Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB)?

Back 16

Is TB that is resistant to at least 2 of the best anti-TB drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. These drugs are considered first-line drugs and are used to treat all persons with TB

Front 17

What is Extensively drug resistant TB (XDR TB)?

Back 17

TB which is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin, plus any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three isecond-line drugs (i.e. amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin).

Front 18

Pneumomococcal Pneumonia:
1) Microbial disease?
2) Morphology?
3) Common at?
4) What about its sudden onset?
5) What about human resistance?

Back 18

1) Microbial disease of bronchial tubes and lungs
2) G+, encapsulated, chain of diplococci
3) Old and young, malnourished, smokers, viral infection, immunosuppresed
4) Sporadic, mostly winter, 5-25% healthy carries
5) High resistance it is usually an opportunist

Front 19

Pneumomococcal Pneumonia:
6) Immunized with?
7) Diagnoses with?
8) What kind of hemolysis?
9) Drug of Choice?

Back 19

6) Pneumovax 23
7) Cultering bacteria
8) Alpha
9) Penicillin

Front 20

Mycoplasmal Pneumonia (PAP):
1) AKA?
2) Caused by?
3) Morphology
4) Size?
5) Common in?

Back 20

1) Atypical pneumonia and walking pneumonia
2) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
3) Pleomorphic, wall-less bacteria
4) one of the smalled (.2u)
5) Children and young adults (3-35)

Front 21

Mycoplasmal Pheumonia (PAP):
1) Primary?
2) Atypical?
3) Resembles what?
4) What about blood invasion
5) Is it fatal?
6) What kind of colony appearance?

Back 21

1) Occurs in previously healthy people
2) organism different from typical penumococcus and symptoms differ
3) viralpneumoniae-fever, fatigue, dry hacking cough
4) This is none
5) rarely
6) fried egg

Front 22

Seasonal Influenza:
1) Symptoms?
2) Mortality?
3) Treatment that clocks Attachment?
4) Treatment that blocks Uncoating?

Back 22

1) Chilld, fever, headache, muscle aches ( no intestinal symptoms)
2) 1% due to secondary bacterial infections
3) Zanamivir (relenza) and Tamiflue (Ostleamivir)
4) Symmetrel and Rimantadine

Front 23

Seasonal Influenza:
1) Vaccine for?
2) What about its symetries?
3) What about its segments?

Back 23

1) High risk indivuals
2) Symetric when grown in lab and Asymetric when in humans
3) Has 8 segments of RNA, and each segment is surrounded by a protein coat that contain genetic information

Front 24

Influenza Virus:
1) Type A?
2) Type B?
3) Type C?
4) Vaccine?
5) Hamagglutinin H Spike is used for?
6) Neuraminidase N Spike is used for?

Back 24

1) Causes most epidemics
2) Moderate local Outbreaks
3) Mild Disease
4) 2 type A and 1 type B that have purified H and N spike protein
5) Attachment to host cells
6) Release virus from cell

Front 25

Type A Influenza Virus:
1) H1N1, 1918
2) H2N2, 1957
3) H3N2, 1968
4) H1N1, 1977
5) H1N1, 2009

Back 25

1) Spanish
2) Asian
3) Hong Kong
4) Russian
5) California

Front 26

H1N1 California 2009:
1) Live attenuated virus is given?
2) Infection of H and N spike is given to?

Back 26

1) Introveniously (2-29)
2) those older of young

Front 27

Influenze Antigenic Drift:
1) What is it?
2) Results in?
3) Allows virus to?
4) 2 examples?

Back 27

1) mutation in gene encoding H or N spike
2) Various Type A Strains
3) avoid mucosal IgA antibodies
4) H1N1 Wisconsin and New Caedonia

Front 28

Influenza Antigenic Shift:
1) What is it?
2) Due to?
3) Arises from?

Back 28

1) New H or N Spike appears
2) genetic reassortment between duck strain and human stain infecting same pig cell
3) A cell infected with a current human strain along with an avine virus and their segment mix so the virus comes out with a new virus the human population has never seen before

Front 29

Pertussis:
1) AKA?
2) Caused by?
3) Morphology?
4) Causes what kind of toxin?
5) Treated with?

Back 29

1) Whooping Cough
2) Bordetella Petussis
3) G- coccobacillus capsule
4) Tracheal cytotoxin, cell wall damaged ciliated cells and destroys tracheal Cells
5) DTaP

Front 30

Pertussis Toxin:
1) Inhibits what
2) How many micrograms to kill a 200lb person
3) What about the antitoxin?

Back 30

1) Protein Synthesis
2) 10
3) Must be administered rapidly if you suspect whooping cough

Front 31

Pertussis:
1) Stage 1?
2) Stage 2?
3) Stage 3?

Back 31

1) Catarrhal stage (inflammation of mucous membranes with free flowing discharge) like common cold
2) Paroxysmal stage: violent coughing siges can cause hemorrage in the brain
3) Convalescence stage

Front 32

Viral Pneumonia:
1) Complication of?
2) What is suspected if no cause is determined?

Back 32

1) Influenze, measles, chickenpox
2) Viral Etiology

Front 33

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV):
1) Called This because?
2) Commin in?
3) Causes cell?

Back 33

1) lung cells have been infected and the virus spreads to other cells and their membrains fuse to where it looks like you have a giant cell
2) Infants, 4500 annual death
3) Fusion (syncytium)

Front 34

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV):
1) Symptoms?
2) Diagnosis by?
3) treatment with?

Back 34

1) Coughing
2) serologic test for viruses and antibodies
3) Ribavirin, it is the general antibiral agent for RNA viruses; used to treat ebola- it is dissolved in water and put uner heat and is inhaled by infant

Front 35

Pneumocystis Pneumonia:
1) Caused by?
2) It is a what?
3) Occurs in?
4) Treatment?

Back 35

1) Pneumocystis carinii
2) Fungus
3) New infects infants and immunosupporessed individuals
4) Timethoprim-sulfaethoxazole which inhibits the synthesis of folic acid

Front 36

Influenza vaccines:
1) A/Brisbane/59/2007
2) A/Brisbane/10/2007
3) B/Brisbane/60/2008
4) new pandemic strain is?
5) New pandemic strain is related to?

Back 36

1) H1N1-like
2) H3N2-like
3) Like antigens
4) 2009 influenza A H1N1
5) A/California/07/2009