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27 Cards in this Set

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What are diseases that appear in a population for the first time called?

Emerging diseases

What are the diseases that were though to be eradicated or near-eradicated?

Reemerging diseases



What are some examples of emerging diseases?

SARS


West Nile Virus


H1N1 influenza

What are some examples of reemerging diseases?

Polio


Anthrax

What is the termreferring to proteinaaceous infectious agents?

Prions

What type of prion is made by all mammalsand its structure is made up of alpha-sheets?

Cellular PrP protein (normal)

What is known as the disease-causing form of prions with Beta-sheets?

Prion PrP

What are some characteristics of prion diseases?

Fatal neurologicl degeneration


Spongy brain

How can prions be destroyed?

By incineration or autoclaving in 1 N NaOH

What does AIDS stand for?

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

T or F: AIDS is a disease

False; AIDS is a syndrome

For and HIV patient, what would be their CD4 white blood cell count be?

below 200 cells/microlite of blood

What does HIV stand for?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Where can HIV replicate?

ONly in humns

HIV-1 is prevalent in what areas of the world?

US and Europe



HIV-2 is prevalent is what areas of the world?

Wes Africa (lslow reporduction rate)

Which glycoprtein exhibits antigenic variability?

gp120

Which glycoprotein promotes fusion of the viral envelope to target cell?

gp41

What is the term that refers to the process by which HIV attached to and enters a CD-4 cell?

Antigenic variability

In the course of AIDS, when does acitve HIV/virion produce?

Primary infection

In what population was AIDS first recognized?

Young male homosexuals

What was the original name for AIDS?

GRID (ga related immune deficincy)

Where is HIV found in the body?

Blood, Semen, Saliva, Vaginal secretions, and breast milk

What are the 4 cell types that HIV infects?

Helper T Cells


Macrophages


Smooth muscle cells


Dendritic cells

T or F: A postive test for antibodies against HIV means a person has AIDS

False

What does ELISA stand for?

Enzyme-linked immunosorben assay

Which treatsment is currently uses for AIDS?

HAART (reuces viral replication)