Microbiology Lab Test 4

Front 1

What does penicillinase do?

Back 1

Hydrolyzes a bond in the B lactanase ring of penicillin.

Front 2

What makes up a virus?

Back 2

Nucleic acid core of DNA or RNA and a protein coat.

Front 3

What are the three major groups of viruses?

Back 3

Bacteria, Plant, Animal

Front 4

What is an obligate aerobe?

Back 4

Must have O2 to grow.

Front 5

How does a Gas Pak Anaerobic System work?

Back 5

generates H2 and CO2 after the addition of H2O. A palladium catalyst catalyzes the formation of H2O from H2 and O2, thereby removing the O2 from the chamber

Front 6

Conjugative Plasmids

Back 6

affect the conjugation between individual bacteria; genes encode for the ability to transfer themselves from the donor host bacterium to a suitable recipient bacterium.

Front 7

Staphylococcus

Back 7

gram positive; cocci, .5-1.5 um;irregular clusters; pairs or tetrads; non motile; non-sporing; facultatively anaerobic

Front 8

Where is S. aereus found?

Back 8

Skin or mucous membrane.

Front 9

Coagulase

Back 9

Increases virulance by surrounding the bacteria with a clot that protects it from phagocytosis and antibiotics

Front 10

Hemagglutinations

Back 10

clumping of red blood cells; used to test for blood type

Front 11

Isoantigens

Back 11

antigens that exist in alternative forms in a species and that are capable of causing an immune response in gentically different individuals in the same species, but not in individuals who carry them.

Front 12

4 human blood types

Back 12

A,AB,B,O

Front 13

Manitol salt agar

Back 13

differentiate between staph which ferments mannitol and micrococcus which do not. Yellow indicates acid production, positive test.

Front 14

a-hemolysis

Back 14

green color due to partial break down of hemoglobin

Front 15

b-hemolysis

Back 15

sharply defined zone of clear with no green.

Front 16

Epidemiology

Back 16

Causative agent, how it is transmitted, how it can be slowed or stopped.

Front 17

Communicable diseases

Back 17

Direct contact, aerosol, food/water, fomite (object), vector

Front 18

endemic

Back 18

present in low numbers at any time, reservoirs that can infect others at any time.

Front 19

Common-source epidemic

Back 19

Large numbers of individuals catch a disease from a common source.

Front 20

Reservoir

Back 20

Site where an infectious agent can live without causing disease but infections for others can occur.

Front 21

pandemic

Back 21

world wide

Front 22

yeast

Back 22

unicellular, non fillamentous can form psuedo-hyphae. Candida Albicans

Front 23

mold

Back 23

multi-cellular, fillamentous, form hyphae

Front 24

What do yeast produce during sexual reproduction?

Back 24

different kinds of spores.

Front 25

parasitism

Back 25

form of symbiosis in which one organism benefits and one organism is harmed.

Front 26

Ectoparasites

Back 26

exist out side the body: fleas, lice.

Front 27

Endoparasites

Back 27

Live in the body: tapeworm

Front 28

Epiparasites

Back 28

feed on other parasites

Front 29

Nectrotophic

Back 29

kills host

Front 30

Biotrophic

Back 30

keeps host alive

Front 31

kleptoparasitism

Back 31

steals food from host.

Front 32

sex peli

Back 32

formed by donor cell under direction of conjugative plasmid

Front 33

plasmid

Back 33

circular, double-stranded, naked DNA, extra chromosomal, codes for conjugation.

Front 34

Blood agar plate

Back 34

used to differentiate between S. aureus and S. epid B-hemolysis for S. aureus.

Front 35

Mueller-Hinton plate

Back 35

used to test for antibiotic resistance

Front 36

used to test for conjugation

Back 36

chloramphenicol, rifampic

Front 37

obligate anaerobe

Back 37

must have O2

Front 38

Facultative anaerobe

Back 38

can grow with or without O2 but prefers O2

Front 39

obligate anaerobe

Back 39

does not use O2 and is harmed by its presence

Front 40

Aerotolerant anaerobe

Back 40

don't use O2 but not harmed by it

Front 41

microaerophiles

Back 41

need little O2 but are inhibited by normal levels of O2

Front 42

agar deep culture

Back 42

used to determine O2 needs of bactria by area of growth

Front 43

virion

Back 43

entire virus particle

Front 44

capsid

Back 44

protein coat

Front 45

capsomeres

Back 45

structural components of the capsid that are visible under the electron microscope

Front 46

nucleocapsid

Back 46

nucleic acid and capsid together

Front 47

plaque

Back 47

colonies of phages

Front 48

Lytic cycle

Back 48

viral genome is replicated, protein is synthesized, two parts are assembled, mature virus is released by lysis of host cell

Front 49

Lysogenic Cycle

Back 49

viral nucleic acid becomes integrated into the host's own genome and replicates along with. Moves into lytic cycle when stressed.

Front 50

prophage

Back 50

resident within the host's genome without harming the host.

Front 51

lysogen

Back 51

host containing a prophage

Front 52

Why was assessment of hydrocarbon-degrading microoorganisms in marine sediments initiated?

Back 52

Clean up oil spills starting with the Exxon Valdez.

Front 53

Why was the sheen screen developed?

Back 53

materials at sea were limited

Front 54

How do you read a positive result?

Back 54

disruption of oil sheen

Front 55

verification of sheen screen

Back 55

radiorespiromtric activity

Front 56

What dilution does degradation become less effective?

Back 56

10-5

Front 57

What area of Alaska?

Back 57

Prince William Sound

Front 58

What is MPN

Back 58

Most probable number

Front 59

yeast food

Back 59

sugar

Front 60

mold food

Back 60

starch and protein

Front 61

green mold

Back 61

penicillin

Front 62

shotgun mold

Back 62

black mold shots towards the light

Front 63

3 types of parsites

Back 63

simple single cell protozoa, worms, ectos(mosquitos, lice)

Front 64

hygiene hypothesis

Back 64

lack of environmental exposure

Front 65

Danger model

Back 65

healthy immune system does not attack unless something attacks first.