Microbiology Lab - Quiz Ii

Front 1

Temperature descriptor for: Pseudomonas fluorescens

Back 1

mesophile

Front 2

Temperature descriptor for: Bacillus stearothermophilus

Back 2

mesophile

Front 3

Temperature descriptor for: Serratia marcescens

Back 3

Thermophile

Front 4

Temperature descriptor for: Saccharomyces cervisiae

Back 4

mesophile

Front 5

Temp range for: psychrophiles

Back 5

-5 -15 C

Front 6

Temp range for: mesophiles

Back 6

20 - 45 C

Front 7

Temp range for: thermophiles

Back 7

45 - 70 C

Front 8

Antibiosis - def'n

Back 8

biological interaction between two or more organisms that is detrimental to at least one of them

Front 9

Antibotic testing outcomes

Back 9

1. Sensitive
2. Resistant

Front 10

Sensitive, in terms of antibiotic testing

Back 10

Limited growth

Front 11

Resistant, in terms of antibiotic testing

Back 11

No growth allowed

Front 12

Spectrum of antibiotic resistance:

Back 12

Broad
Narrow
Limited

Front 13

Broad Resistance - def'n

Back 13

Kills or inhibits a wide range of bacteria. e.g., gram ⊖ & ⊕ bacteria

Front 14

Narrow Resistance - def'n

Back 14

Kills either Gram - or +, not both

Front 15

Limited resistance - def'n

Back 15

Effective against a particular organism

Front 16

Rhizobium - def'n

Back 16

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the nodules of plants

Front 17

Azotobacter - desc

Back 17

Motile, oval or spherical bacteria, aerobic, free-living soil microbes which play an important role in the nitrogen cycle

Front 18

Enterobacteriae Media tests - list

Back 18

Glucose broth
Lactose broth
Clark & Lubbs
SIM Tubes
Nitrate Broth
Citrate slant

Front 19

Enterobacteriaceae - desc

Back 19

rod-shaped, have Gram-negative stains, and they are facultative anaerobes, fermenting sugars to produce lactic acid and various other end products. Most also reduce nitrate to nitrite

Front 20

YEPD - desc

Back 20

Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose is a complete medium for yeast growth

Front 21

TSB Media - desc

Back 21

Tryptic Soy Broth. For bacteria

Front 22

Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique - desc

Back 22

Determines a bacterias resistant/sensitvity to an antibiotic by measuring the Z.O.I (Zone of inhibition)

Front 23

Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert ___ to ___

Back 23

Nitrogen fixing bacteria convert N2_ to _NH3_

Front 24

OPNG - desc

Back 24

Analog of lactose; yellow color

Front 25

Operon - desc

Back 25

Set of genes regulated by one promoter

Front 26

The lac operon is ________ when ____ is low

Back 26

The lac operon is _induced_ when _glucose_ is low

Front 27

Enzyme induction via lac operon can be found in ___________

Back 27

Enzyme induction via lac operon can be found in _E. coli_

Front 28

Enterobacteriaceae family ferment _____ to _____

Back 28

Enterobacteriaceae family ferment _glucose_ to _pyruvate_

Front 29

β-galactosidase

Back 29

intracellular enzyme that cleaves the disaccharide lactose into glucose and galactose

Front 30

Operation of an operon can be _____ or _____

Back 30

Operation of an operon can be _induced_ or _repressed_

Front 31

Mixed Acid Pathways - list

Back 31

Lactic Acid
Acetic Acid
Formic Acid
Succinate
Ethanol

Front 32

By-products of Mixed Acid Pathways - list

Back 32

CO₂ & H₂

Front 33

Bacteria that make use of mixed-acid pathways - list

Back 33

Coliforms:
E. coli
Shigella
Salmonella
Klebsiella

Front 34

Bacteria that make use of 2,3 butanediol pathway - list

Back 34

non-coliforms:
Enterobacter
Serratia
Erwinia

Front 35

Fecal enterics/Coliforms - pathogenicity

Back 35

not good

Front 36

non-Fecal enterics/non-Coliforms - pathogenicity

Back 36

good!

Front 37

Fecal enterics/coliforms - list

Back 37

E. coli
Shigella
salmonella
Klebsiella

Front 38

NON-Fecal enterics/NON-coliforms - list

Back 38

Enterobacter
Serratia
Erwinia

Front 39

Clarks & Lubbs media - tests

Back 39

Glucose fermentation

Front 40

Methyl Red - Purpose

Back 40

Identifies Mixed acid fermentation of glucose

Front 41

Methyl red: + Result

Back 41

Turns red

Front 42

Methyl red: medium

Back 42

Clark & Lubbs

Front 43

Voges-Proskauer: medium

Back 43

Clark & Lubbs

Front 44

Voges-Proskauer: + Result

Back 44

Pink/Red color

Front 45

Voges-Proskauer: Purpose

Back 45

Reacts with acetoin

Front 46

Nitrate Reduction test: medium

Back 46

nitrate broth

Front 47

Nitrate Reduction test: desc

Back 47

Add nitrate I & II. If no pink color, add zinc.
Tests for enterobactiace

Front 48

Nitrate Reduction test: + Results

Back 48

Pink: NO -> NO2
Pink when Zinc added: Zinc reduced NO

Front 49

Starch utilization test: + results

Back 49

Clear area around the bacterial streak

Front 50

Indole Production test: purpose

Back 50

tests if species can turn tryptophan into pyruvate, which can then be broken down to indole

Front 51

Hydrogen sulfide test: + Result

Back 51

Blackening of medium

Front 52

Indole Production- medium

Back 52

SIM

Front 53

Indole Production: reagent

Back 53

Kovac's reagent

Front 54

Indole Production: + Result

Back 54

Red color

Front 55

Citrate utilization test: medium

Back 55

Citrate broth

Front 56

Citrate utilization test: + Result

Back 56

turbidity

Front 57

Citrate slant test: + Result

Back 57

Turned blue; citrate used
growth; ammonia broken down

Front 58

EMB Plate - Purpose

Back 58

Isolates fecal coliforms. Lactose/sucrose selective for fermenters (coliforms), dyes inhibit Gram-positive bacteria

Front 59

EMB Plate: + Result

Back 59

Pink: fermentation, little acid: Possible coliform
Dark Purple & Green: Fermentation & lots of acid: Probable coliform
Growth, no color: No fermentation: non-coliform

Front 60

HEK Plate - Selective/Differential?

Back 60

Selective & Differential

Front 61

EMB Plate: Selective/Differential?

Back 61

Selective & Differential

Front 62

HEK Plate - How differential?

Back 62

Isolates enteric species, salmonella, shigella

Front 63

HEK Plate - How selective?

Back 63

Inhibits Gram +

Front 64

HEK Plate - differentiates between . . .

Back 64

fermenters & non-fermenters

Front 65

HEK Plate Fermenters: List

Back 65

Enterobacter
E. Coli

Front 66

HEK Plate Non-Fermenters: List

Back 66

Proteus
Salmonella
Shigella

Front 67

MacConkey Plates: Selective/Differential?

Back 67

Selective & Differential

Front 68

Starch Plates: Selective/Differential?

Back 68

Selective

Front 69

MacConkey Plate: How selective?

Back 69

Selects for Gram -; Salts inhibit Gram +

Front 70

MacConkey Plate: How differential?

Back 70

Detects lactose fermenters

Front 71

MacConkey Plate: + Result

Back 71

Pink/red = Fermentation

Front 72

Starch Plate: Purpose

Back 72

Tests for starch hydrolysis
Added iodine turns starch brown. Clear zone means starch was hydrolyzed: +

Front 73

Citrate Slant - Selective/Differential?

Back 73

Selective & Differential

Front 74

Citrate Slant - Results

Back 74

Blue + Growth - citrate used ( pH increases as ammonia broken down)
Growth only: Citrate Used
No Growth - Citrate NOT used

Front 75

Citrate Slant test - Purpose

Back 75

Tests for ability of bacteria to use citrate as carbon source, differentiates among enterobacteriacae

Front 76

MacConkey Agar test - Purpose

Back 76

Isolates and Differentiates members of enterobacteriaceae on he ability to ferment lactose

Front 77

HEK Plate - Purpose

Back 77

Isolates and differentiates salmonella & shigella from other gram-negative enteric organisms

Front 78

Nitrate Reduction Test - Purpose

Back 78

Detects species that can reduce nitrate to nitrite

Front 79

Durham tube - desc

Back 79

Traps gas evolved from respiration

Front 80

Voges-Proskauer test - Purpose

Back 80

Identifies organisms able to produce acetoin from the breakdown of glucose during a 2,3-butanediol fermentation

Front 81

Acetoin

Back 81

used as an external energy store by a number of fermentive bacteria

Front 82

Cyanobacteria - Desc

Back 82

Large class of photosynthetic bacteria that use H₂O

Front 83

Cyanobacteria - Characteristics

Back 83

Slimy coating
Phycobilins
Varied cell shape
Some fix nitrogen
Gram ⊖
Gram -

Front 84

Phycobilin

Back 84

Accessory pigments in cyanobacteria that absorb light

Front 85

Lactic Acid Bacteria - Characteristics

Back 85

Gram ⊕
Catalase ⊖

Front 86

Homolactic

Back 86

Only waste product is Lactic Acid

Front 87

Heterolactic

Back 87

Lactic Acid is produced as waste, as well as Some gas byproduct

Front 88

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 88

anabaena

cyanobacteria

Front 89

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 89

chlamydomonas

alga

Front 90

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 90

gloeocapsa

cyanobacteria

Front 91

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 91

lyngbya

cyanobacteria

Front 92

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 92

merismopedia

cyanobacteria

Front 93

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 93

oscillatoria

cyanobacteria

Front 94

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 94

spirogyra

algae

Front 95

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 95

ulothrix

algae

Front 96

Name it!
Is it a cyanobacteria or algae?

Back 96

volvox

algae

Front 97

Formula for calculating pfu

Back 97

# plaques
-------------------------------------------
volume plated * dilution factor

Front 98

coliform - def'n

Back 98

pertaining to the colon-aerogenes group, or the Escherichia coli species of microorganisms, which comprises most of the intestinal flora in humans and other animals. Presence of coliforms is used as a standard indication of water pollution with fecal matter.

Front 99

Enteric bacteria - def'n

Back 99

in the family Enterobacteriaceae. These bacteria reside normally in the guts of many animals, including humans, and some are pathogenic, causing disease in certain animal species. Many cases of food poisoning are caused by infection with enteric bacteria

Front 100

Glucose & Lactose broth: + results

Back 100

red & bubbles - Mixed acids fermenter
red, NO bubbles - 2,3 butanediol pathway
yellow: peptone breakdown
amber: no reaction

Front 101

Acetoin

Back 101

Used as an external energy store by a number of fermentive bacteria

Front 102

Motility stab: Purpose

Back 102

Tests for motility

Front 103

Motility stab: + Result

Back 103

Outward red growth

Front 104

Hydrogen Sulfide test: Purpose

Back 104

Checks for Enteric gram negative bacilli by checking for the enzyme thiosulfate reductase which is produced by various intestinal microorganisms. So if bacillus subtilis can produce this enzyme then this test will give you a pos. (black in color) result.