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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is microbiology
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study of microorganisms
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microorganisms aka
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microbes
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examples of microbes
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bacteria, fungi, viruses, protists, prions, microscopic worms
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why study microbiology 1
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b/c microbes can cause disease
need to know causes of diseases, symptoms and treatments |
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why study microbiology 2
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bioterrorism/ biological weapons
need to know which microbes could be used as weapons, how they cause damage and how to treat them |
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why study microbiology 3
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useful products: yeasts-bread, beer, wine
vaccine production- use dead, weak or pieces of microbes to generate an immune response Drug production- antibodies from fungi |
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why study microbiology 4
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bioremediation-using microbes to clean pollution
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why study microbiology 5
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emerging diseases
new diseases- once rare but now more common old diseases- previously treated but now more drug resistant |
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define endospores
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dormant cells that can generate into living bacteria under proper conditions
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scientists organize living things by
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domains-large groups of living things
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name the 3 domains
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bacteria
eucarya archae |
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describe domain archae
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single-celled
prokaryotic-no nucleus do have genetic material live in extreme environments due to specialized cell wall |
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describe domain eukarya
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eukaryotic-have nucleus
many organisms in this group are subdivided into smaller groups known as the kingdoms |
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describe domain bacteria
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single-celled
prokaryotic- no nucleus are common bacteria-E.coli no specialized cell wall so it cannot live in extreme enviroments every/only member in this domain has material called PEPTIDOGLYCAN in cell wall |
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domain eukarya-kingdoms
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kingdom protista
kingdom fungi kingdom plantae kingdome animalia |
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kingdom protista
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in domain eukarya
single celled some are producers-algae some are consumers-protozoa |
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kingdome fungi
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from domain eukarya
some are microbes but not all milticellular decomposers |
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kingdom plantae
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in domain eukarya
not microscopic milticellular producers |
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kingdom animalia
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in domain eukarya
contain some microscopic worms but mostly not microscopic multicellular consumers |
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nomenclature
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scientific name has 2 pts- genus and species
genus-species w/ similar charact but can't interbreed species-organisms w/ similar charact that can interbreed |
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viruses, viroids, and prions
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not listen in domains b/c not considered living
not living b/c cannot make copies of itself by itself |
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viruses
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have DNA/RNA but not machinery to use it
must infect living cells to make copies of itself=OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PARASITE active virus-capable of causing disease inactive virus-incapable of causing disease you do not kill viruses you inactivate them |
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viroids
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contain sort piece of RNA but no protein coat surrounding
causes plant diseases, no human viroids confirmed yet |
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prions
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unique entities w/ no genetic material
made entirely of protein |
