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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Germ Theory
Microorganisms can invade other organisms to cause disease and contamination
Francesco Redi
Challenged spontaneous generation theory by placing meat in sealed and unsealed jars
Robert Hooke
Invented the first compound microscope

Observed cork and described them as cells

Led to creation of cell theory
Van Leeuwenhoek
Refined the microscope and observed the first microorganisms on teeth scrapings
Cell theory
Theory formulated by Schleiden and Schwann that cells are the
fundamental units of all living things
Spontaneous Generation
Theory that microorganisms can appear spontaneously on nonliving things
Louis Pasteur
Used swan-necked flasks with heated broth to dispose spontaneous generation theory

Proved that organisms were present in air and could contaminate items

Developed pasteurization to kills bacteria and prevents spoiling

Developed first rabies/anthrax vaccine
Robert Koche
First to cultivate pure cultures

Developed Koch's Postulates used to prove a certain organisms causes a particular disease using Anthrax
Koch's Postulates
Microbe must be present in every case of disease and be absent from health organisms

Suspected organism must be isolated and pure

When inoculated into a healthy host, it must cause same disease

Must be able to isolate microbe again from infected host
Joseph Lister
"Father of Aseptic Surgery" Developed aseptic techniques using phenol/ carbolic acid
Paul Ehrlich
Chemotherapy pioneer (selective toxicity) who tests thousands of compounds to characterize their antimicrobial properties

Identified first treatment for syphilis
Alexander Fleming
Discovered that certain bacteria and fungi can prevent others from growing

Created the first antibiotic (penicillin)
John Needham
Supported spontaneous generation by boiling broth in flasks then sealed could still develop organisms (because flask wasn't sterilized)
Lazzaro Spallanzani
Proposed that air carried germs to a culture medium
John Tyndall
Proved that dust carried microbes
Joseph Lister
Rubbed antimicrobial compounds on wounds to prevent infection
Edward Jenner
Developed a smallpox vaccine using scrapings of cow pox (weakened virus) that were inhaled (a practice Chinese had been using for ages)
Semmelweis
Proposed hand washing to prevent infections during labor/sugery