Microbiology Exam 4 Material

Front 1

What does the host cell of chlamydia provide and doesn't provide?

Back 1

The host cell provides ATP, but doesn't have peptidoglycan on the cell wall, so has proteins cross-linked by disulfide bonds

Front 2

Where can chlamydia reproduce?

Back 2

Only within the host cell

Front 3

Define the two forms of cells.

Back 3

Elementary cells - attach to the cell surface in order to engulf the host cell so that it can transmit and infect the host and then it will reorganize itself into a reticulate body to produce the virus.

Reticulate body - is the form that will reproduce via binary fission and lyses the host cell

Front 4

What is chlamydia trachomatis?

Back 4

Trachomatis = rough eye
This causes a painful, permanent blindness because the eyelashes will turn inward and scratch the cornea

Front 5

What is non-gonococcal urethritis and what can it cause?

Back 5

Painful urination that can cause PID and infertility

Front 6

How does chlamydia psittaci affect humans?

Back 6

"Parrot fever" - affects humans because the defecate of infected birds will leave behind dust particles that get inhaled by humans and cause a respiratory infection

Front 7

Compare an elementary body to a reticulate body

Back 7

Size - elementary is smaller
Cell wall - elementary is rigid, reticulate is fragile
Sonication - elementary is resistant, reticulate is sensitive
Trypsin - elementary is resistant, reticulate is lysed
RNA:DNA - elementary 1:1, reticulate 3:1
Toxicity - elementary toxic to mice, reticulate, nontoxic to mice
Adapted for - elementary extracellular survival; reticulate intracellular growth

Front 8

What is Rickettsia?

Back 8

parasites that grow in erythrocytes, marcophages, vascular endothelial cells and can be primary hosts or vectors

Front 9

What are the 3 outcomes of phagocytosis?

Back 9

1. it can escape from the phagosome and binary fission into the cytoplasm

2. it fails to escape from the phagosome but fuses with the lysosome instead

3. it lyses the cell wall

Front 10

What is Rickettsia prowazekii?

Back 10

Louse-borne typhus - the louse bite gets into the blood stream by spreading the louse wound when scratching it

Front 11

What characteristic of mycoplasmas make them resistant to antibiotics that target cell walls?

Back 11

Mycoplasmas don't have cell walls so they're resistant to any antibiotic that target cell walls

Also, they only grow via osmotic protection

Front 12

What is mycoplasma pneumoniae?

Back 12

The pleura membrane that surrounds the lungs extends to the surface of the chest wall causes inflammation of the pleura and lungs

Front 13

Define mycology

Back 13

Study of molds and yeasts

Front 14

What are hyphae?

Back 14

Long branched filaments on molds that help molds grow by extending and branching out

Front 15

What's the difference between coenocytic molds and septate molds?

Back 15

Coenocytic molds don't have cross walls.
Septate molds have cross walls with pores