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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
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What are the DNA enveloped viruses |
Herpes viruses: Herpes simplex 1 and 2 Varicella zoster virus Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Epstein Barr virus Herpes virus 8 - Kaposi's sarcoma
they all have a eicosahedrical isometric core surrounded by lipid envelope. direct transmission to host cell. all double stranded DNA. |
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describe a persistent latent infection with regard to chicken pox, then zoster |
after the initial infection, during the lytic phase the chickenpox virus replicates in neurons in non-infectious state, during lysongeny. then the virus is activated to produce new disease symptoms, in this case zoster.
the surrounding envelope consists of host lipid and viral protein. |
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Herpes virus simplex 1 and 2 |
cause latent infection, two cell types only alpha type 1. starts out in acute infection 2. quiescent (latent, lysogenic cycle) 3. resurfacing acute infection affects epithelial cells. there will be a production of a vasicular rash (origin of replication), it then infultrates the nearest nerve ending and migrates to the neuronal cell where it becomes latent |
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herpes simplex virus produces which diseases |
HSV 1 - Herpes labialis - cold sore (affects the trigeminal ganglia) HSV 2 - Herpes genitalis (affects the sacral ganglia)
80% of individuals will be infected by the age of 3 with type 1. 40% will have reaccurance. 20% will have inversions of the two types. humans are the natural hosts. |
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what is the process of early transcription? |
DNA (DS) transcription-->translation-->protein during the process there is viral DNA polymerase, not host, in order to replicate its genome |
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where does replication take place for DNA? |
in the nucleus. |
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How is herpes transmitted? |
HSV - 1 is transmitted through saliva HSV - 2 is transmitted though sexual contact
80% of individuals will be infected by the age of 3 with type 1. 40% will have reaccurance. 20% will have inversions of the two types. humans are the natural hosts. 20% of sexually active individuals have type 2.
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what is the mechanism of disease and clinical findings for herpes simplex 1 and 2? |
starts in lytic cycle (contageous), shows up on skin as vesicular rash then goes into lysogenic cycle where it hides in the ganglia. trigeminal for type 1 and sacral for type 2 cell mediated immunity - CD4 helper T-cells are essential to avoid reactivation. during lytic cycle an increase in CD4 cells (granulomas)
painful vesicular rash on the lips and nose for type 1 and the genital area for type 2. the burning sensation is due to the virus moving back and forth to the neuronal cell (herpatic neuritis) |
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what are some complications of HSV 1 and 2? prevention measures, and treatment? |
complications: corneal ulcers with type 1 encephalitis with type 1 neonatal herpes with both types health care professionals could come in contact with virus development of lesions at place of contact.
prevention is avoid contact with lesions. the use of condoms, abstinence. treatment is antiviral medication applied in early transcription. |
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what is the replication cycle for HSV 1 and 2 |
attachment entry targeting uncoating latency replication and synthesis maturation viral release |
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What is an area of skin affected by a single spinal nerve (dorsal nerve)? |
dermatome |
