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19 Cards in this Set

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Proteobacteria
most gram-negative chemoheterotrophic bacteria. largest taxonomic group of bacteria. phylogeny based upon rRNA similarities. subgroups designated by Greek letters.
Alpha Proteobacteria
includes most proteobacteria capable of growth with low nutrient levels. some have prosthecae(bud-like protusions). some agriculturally important(nitrogen fixation). some plant and human pathogens.
Rickettsia
gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria or coccobacilli. obligate intracellular parasites. transmitted to humans by bites of insects and ticks. infections damage permeability of blood capillaries resulting in a spotted rash.
Rickettsia prowazekii
organism that causes the disease epidemic typhus(human body lice).
Rickettsia rickettsii
organism that causes the disease Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. transmitted by ticks.
Ehrlichia
gram-negative rickettsialike bacteria. obligate intracellular parasites. live within white blood cells. transmitted by ticks to humans. causes ehrilichiosis, a sometimes fatal disease.
Bartonella
gram-negative baccilus. human pathogen. Bartonella henselae causes cat-scratch disease.
Brucella
small nonmotile gram-negative coccobacilli. obligate parasites of mammals. can survive phagocytosis, an important element of body's defense against bacteria. Brucellosis is disease that is caused.
Beta Proteobacteria
some overlap with alpha-proteobacteria. can use hydrogen gas, ammonia, and methane for nutrient production. some are pathogenic.
Bordetella
nonmotile, aerobic, gram-negative rod. serious pathogen. Bordetella pertussis is the cause of pertussis, or whooping cough.
Neisseria
aerobic, gram-negative cocci. usually inhibits the mucous membranes of mammals. pathogenis species include Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the causative agent of gonorrhea and Neisseria meningitidis, the causative agent of meningoccal meningitis.
Gamma Proteobacteria
largest subgroup and most diverse of proteobacteria.
Francisella
small gram-negative rod. human pathogen. transmitted by wild animals and anthropods. Francisella tularensis causes the disease tularemia.
Pseudomonas
aerobic, gram-negative rod. motile by polar flagella. common in soil and other natural environments. resistant to many antibiotics. opportunistic pathogen. causes food spoilage. Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces blue-green pigment.
Moraxella
strictly aerobic coccobacilli. human pathogen. Moraxella lacunata is implicated in conjunctivitis.
Legionella
aerobic, gram-negative rod. human pathogen. common in streams and can grow in water-supply lines. Legionella pneumophila causes the disease legionellosis, a bacterial pneumonia.
Coxiella
obligate intracellular parasites. cattle ticks harbor the organism making it commonly transmitted by aerosols or contaminated milk. Coxiella burnetti causes Q fever(a bacterial pneumonia)
Vibrio
facultative anaerobic, gram-negative rods that are often curved. human pathogen. transmitted mostly by raw or undercooked shellfish. Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, characterized by profuse, watery diarrhea. Vibrio parahaemolyticus causes less severe gastroenteritis.
Escherichia
facultative anaerobic, gram-negative rod.