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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Essential Nutrition
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any substance that must be obtained/ provided to the organism
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Macronutrients
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need large quantitates and play role in cell structure and metabolism (C, N, O)
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Micronutrients
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trace elements, much smaller amounts, involved in enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure, manganese, zinc, nickle
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Heterotrophs
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organism that obtain its C (carbon) from an organic form
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Autotrophs
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organism that uses inorganic as its C source- converts into CO2 into organic compounds
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Phototroph
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microbes that photosythesizes
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Chemotroph
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microbes that gain energy from chemical compounds
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Humans are
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chemotrophs and hetertrophs
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Chemoheterotroph
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deals with most of human disease; carbon source from an organic compound (us)
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Parasites
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derive nutrients from the cell or tissues of a live host
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Pathogens
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cause damage to tissues or even cause death
smallest: viruses largest: helminths |
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Ectoparasites vs Endoparasites
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live on the body, live in the body
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Intracellular parasites
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live inside cells (ex: leprosy)
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Obligate parasites
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unable to grow outside of a host
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How microbes eat: transport mechanisms
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diffusion- osmosis, active/ passive, endocytosis, phagocytosis
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Diffusion
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high concentration to a low concentration
things will equalize greater temperature, faster it moves surface area distance |
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Osmosis
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the diffusion of water through a selectively or differentially permeable membrane
-diffusion of water goes towards the greater solute concentration "party" |
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Isotonic conditions
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the environment is equal in solute concentration to the cells internal environment
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Osmosis: hypotonic vs. hypertonic
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hypotonic: solution with lower solute concentration
hypertonic: solution with higher solute (stuff dissolved in) concentration |
