Microbiology Chapter 4 Procaryotic Profiles

Front 1

Axial Filaments

Back 1

A type of flagellum that lies in the periplasmic space of spirochetes & is responsible for locomotion

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Bacilli

Back 2

bacterial cell shape that is cylandrical

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cell wall

Back 3

made of peptidoglycan

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chromosomes

Back 4

tightly coiled bodies in cells that r primary site of genes

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Cocci

Back 5

a spherical shaped bacterial rod

Front 6

Coccobacilli

Back 6

an elongated coccus, a short thick, oval-shaped bacterial rod

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Diplocci

Back 7

spherical or oval shaped bacteria typically found in pairs

Front 8

endospore

Back 8

a small, dormant, resistant derivative of a bacterial cell that germinates under favorable growth conditions into a vegetative cell.genera Bacillus & Clostridium are typical sporeformers.

Front 9

fimbriae

Back 9

a short, numerous surface appendage on some bacteria that provides adhesion but not locomotion

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flagellum

Back 10

a structure that is used to propel the organism through a fluid environment

Front 11

Nucleoid

Back 11

The basophilic nuclear region or nuclear body that contains the bacterial chromosome

Front 12

Palisades

Back 12

the characteristic arrangement of Corynebacterium cells resembling a row of fence posts and created by snapping.

Front 13

Plasmids

Back 13

Extrachromosal genetic unit characterized by several features. A plasmid is a double-stranded DNA that is smaller than & replicates independently of the cell chromosome; it bears genes tht r nt esssential 4 cell growth it cn bear genes tht code 4 adaptive traits; & it is transmissible to other bacteria

Front 14

pleomorphic (pleomorphism)

Back 14

Normal variability of cell shapes in a single species

Front 15

Procaryotic

Back 15

Small cells, lacking special structures such as a nucleus & organelles. all procaryotes are microorganisms

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Ribosomes

Back 16

Abilobed macromolecular complex of ribonucleoprotein that coordinates the codons of mRNA w tRNA anticodons & in so doing constitutes the peptide assembly site

Front 17

Rikettsias

Back 17

Medically important family of bacteria, commonly carried by ticks, lice & and fleas. Significant cause of important emerging diseases

Front 18

Sarcina

Back 18

a cubical packer of 8, 16 or more cells; the cellular arrangement of the genus Sarcina in the family Micrococcaceae

Front 19

Spirilla

Back 19

A type of bacterial cell w/ a rigid spiral shape & external flagella

Front 20

Spriochetes

Back 20

a coiled. spiral-shaped bacterium that has endoflagella & flexes as it moves

Front 21

tetrads

Back 21

groups of 4

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vibrios

Back 22

a curved rod shaped bacterial cell

Front 23

Identify elements of procaryotic cells

Back 23

external- appendages, flagella, pili, fimbriae glycocalyx capsule, slime layer. unternak, cytoplsm,ribosm,inclusions, nucleoid/chromosoms, actin cytoskeleton, endospore, cell envelope, outer membrane, cell wall, cell membrane

Front 24

discuss bacterial motility & adhesion

Back 24

is w/the flagellum which is used to self propel, freely thrgh an aqueous habitat. pilus r for attachment & mating, enable conjugation, transfer of DNA fimbriae r smaller than flagella & are iumportant for attachment

Front 25

Identify genetic material in bacterial cells

Back 25

Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA. ribonucleic RNA, Ribosomes. ( also in cytoplasm)

Front 26

Discuss endospore

Back 26

During nutrient depleted conditions some bacteria (vegetative cell) form into a endospore in order to survive. nt exactly alive. form whn bacteria is threatened.

Front 27

What is actin

Back 27

a protein fiber(cytoskeleton) present in some bacteria & is involved in maintaining cell shape

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Inclusion Bodies

Back 28

enable a cell to store nutrients and to survive nutrient depleted environments

Front 29

L-forms

Back 29

mutations can cause some bacteria to lose the ability to synthesize the cell wall and thy r called l-forms

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porins

Back 30

is a channel

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slime layer

Back 31

is sticky, alolows bacteria to stick to other parts of your body and a safety mechanism to survive

Front 32

cytoplasm

Back 32

it is the sire for cell metabolim

Front 33

What are the cell shapes

Back 33

Coccus, rod or bacillus, cell arrangements, cell size. you can tell what family by the size & shape

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In regards to bacterial cell wall

Back 34

gram-negative bacteria the envelope consists of an outer membrane cell wall & cell membrane, in gram neg, only have cell wall & cell membrane

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Discuss classification

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phenotypic is the old way based on humans, what it looks like. molecular method DNA structure, mk pure culture in computer assisted program can see the DNA & match 2 a reference easily.

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unique groups of bacteria

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intracellular parasites, photsynthetic bacteria, green & purple sulfur bacteria, gliding & fruiting bacteria (grow antenae), Archaea bacteria

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Archaea bacteria

Back 37

Associated with extreme environments, contain unique cell walls, contain unique internal structures

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Eubacteria

Back 38

considered true bacteria

Front 39

Key terms
1 spirochete
2 gram stain +/-
3 strep
4 staph

Back 39

1 common syphillis
2 gram r dead cuz you heated, help determine antibiotic
3 is coccus is positive
4 is cocus gram+

Front 40

Shapes of coccus

Back 40

diplococci, tetrads, sarcinae, cocci in chains, cocci in clusters

Front 41

types of rod or bacilus

Back 41

pili-shaped rods, cocco bacilli, irregular rods, palisades arrangement, spore-forming rods, filamentous rods

Front 42

types of spiral forms

Back 42

sprillum rigid helix/spirochete flexible helix, vibrios (curved rods)

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bergey's manual

Back 43

organizes the kingdom Procaryotae in to 4 major division. Gracilicutes, firmicutes, tenericutes