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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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outer membrane gram neg bacteria
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inner membrane, peptidoglycan wall and lipopolysaccharide layer
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lipopolysaccharide layer
(permeable outer membrane) |
1.phospholipids
2.lipoplysaccharide (LPS) 3.outer integral proteins 4.small lipoprotein anchors to peptidoglycan layer |
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gram positive bacteria
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peptidoglycan layer/cell wall
cell membrane integral protein teichoic and lipoteichoic acids |
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LPS of gram neg bacteria
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an "O" Ag, varies w/i species
core polysaccharide endotoxin, toxic to animals |
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ketodeoxyoctonate
glucoseamine lipid A n-acetyl glucoseamine |
KDO
GlcN has ester amines,FA, and GlcN Glu-Nac |
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porins
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transmembrane proteins that are hydrophilic and make the outer mem of gram neg bacteria very permeable
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porins constituents
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3 identical polypeptides and 4 pores, one formed by each protein and one in the center
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porin structure
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rhodobacter blasticus
shaped like hot pretzel |
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periplasm (gram neg bacteria)
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1.space bw inner and outer mem
2.gel-like made of proteins 3.hydrolytic enzyme (food processing), binding (transport), chemoreceptors |
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cell surface structures of prokaryotes
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pili,fimbriae
paracrystalline layers (S) capsules and slime(gycocalyx) flagella |
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pili
fimbriae |
short bristle-like made of protein,shorter than flagella
classified into types (1-7) |
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functions of pili
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cell adhesion
TYPE I: pathogenicity facotrs, host colonization factors(pathogen) |
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biofilms
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slimy masses of bacteria adhering by way of fimbriae or pili. 99% of prok exist in biofilms
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type 4 pili
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twitching, extension is followed by adhesion.
involved in uptake of DNA by cells during transformation. |
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sex pili
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type VII: long hollow tubules
length bw pili and flagella 1 or 2 per cell mating-pair formation targets of attachment for viruses |
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surface layers (S layers)
in every bacteria the cell wall in archaea |
filters macromolecules/virus
adhesion of host to cell hold extracellular enzymes to degrade protection against host-defense mechanisms |
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capsules
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organized repeating organic compounds
attached firm to cell surface protect cells from drying out (ie:bacillus anthracis) |
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more ie's of capsules
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acinetobacter stained w/ ink
streptococcus pneumoniae |
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slime layers
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consist of polysacc attached loose to cell surface
water soluable protect cells from drying out sticky layer allows attachment and bioform formation (gliding) |
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cell inclusions
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within prok and euk cells
function of reservoirs of energy reserves (carbon) contents surrounded by lipid membrane located in periplasmic gram - |
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carbon storage granules
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C stored as lipids or polysac
lipids:C4-C18 (ester bonds) polysac:glycogen in prok |
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PHB inclusion bodies
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poly-beta-hydroxybutryate
it is ubiquitous |
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phosphate and sulfur storage
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phos stored as polyphosphate
sulfur oxidizes H2S, get S(o) stored in periplasm sulfur ie: isoichromatium buderi |
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magnetosomes
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~50 magnetite crystals in lipid bilayer mem
1.occur in chains 2.compass needle, allows cells to self-orient towards mag-field |
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magnetosomes cell structure
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(MG), no staining, it kills the cells
inner mem, peptoglycan,ribos chemoreceptor, outer mem |
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growth of magnetosomes
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fully grown is dark black
flanked by cytoskeletal filaments- |
