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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who made the first simple microscope?
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
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What was the first simple microscope made to view?
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It was made to examine the quality of cloth.
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When was the existance of protozoa first reported?
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1674
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When was the existance of bacteria first reported?
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1679
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Who first reported the existance of protozoa?
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
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Who first reported the existance of bacteria?
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Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
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Microorganisms are also known ___________
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as microbes
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Who developed the taxonimic system?
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Linnaeus
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___________ are organisms whose cells contain a nucleus composed of genetic material surrounded by a distinct membrane.
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Eukaryotes
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____________ are unicellular microbes that lack a true nucleus.
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Prokaryotes
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mold and yeasts fall under
a. eukaryote b. prokaryote |
Eukaryote
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Mold and yeasts are
a. algae b. fungi |
fungi
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Protozoa are single celled eukaryotes similar to animals in nutritional need and cell structure.
True or False |
True
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__________ are plantlike eukaryotes that are photsynthetic.
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algae
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___________ are unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan
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bacteria
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______________ are single-celled prokaryotes whose cell walls lack peptidoglycan and instead are composed of other polymers.
a. bacteria b. archaea c. fungi d. protozoa |
b. archaea
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Microbes so small that they were hidden from microbiologists until the invention of the electron microscope in 1932 are known as ________.
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viruses
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The “Golden Age of Microbiology,” was from ________ to __________
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from the late 19th to the early 20th century
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microbiologists competed to be the first to answer several questions about the nature of microbial life during the golden age of Microbiology.
true or false |
true
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Spontaneus generation is also known as __________.
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abiogenesis
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_______________ proposes that living organisms can arise from nonliving matter.
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spontaneous generation
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who proposed the theory of spontaneuos generation?
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Aristotle
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who first challenged Aristotle's theory of spontaneous generation?
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Francesco Redi
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What was John T. Needham known for?
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conducted experiments suggesting spontaneous generation of microscopic life was indeed possible
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________________ reported results that contradicted Needham’s findings
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Lazzaro Spallanzani
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Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation, indefinitely?
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Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) using swan-necked flasks that remained free of microbes disproved the theory definitively
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What led to the scientific theory?
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the theory of spontaneous generation
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the study of the causation of disease is known as __________
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etiology
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_________ initiated careful microbiological laboratory techniques in his search for disease agents, such as the bacterium responsible for anthrax.
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Koch
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________ staining distinguishes Gram-positive from Gram-negative bacteria and reflects differences in composition of the ______________.
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Gram
bacterial cell wall |
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________ is the study of the occurrence, distribution, and spread of disease in humans
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epidemiology
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____________ is the study of the body’s specific defenses against pathogens
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immunology
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_____________ is a branch of medical microbiology in which chemicals are studied for their potential to destroy pathogenic microorganisms,
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chemotherapy
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Paul Ehrlich is known for the study of the field of _________
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Chemotherapy
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___________ could kill microorganisms but remain nontoxic to humans.
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the magic bullet
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___________ is the study of metabolism.
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Biochemistry
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Pasteur’s work on fermentation and Buchner’s discovery of enzymes began the study of ____________.
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biochemistry
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___________ and ________ greatly advanced the study of _____________.
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Albert Kluyver
and C. B. van Niel biochemistry |
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_______________ combines aspects of biochemistry, cell biology, and genetics to explain cell function at the molecular level.
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Molecular biology
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____________ involves the manipulation of genes in microbes, plants, and animals for practical applications
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Genetic engineering
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DNA composed of genes from more than one organism is known as _____________.
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recombinant DNA
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___________ is the use of recombinant DNA.
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Gene therapy
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_____________ studies the role microorganisms play in their natural environment.
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environmental biology
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