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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Genetic recombination and mutation create new viruses
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Genetic recombination between viruses
Viral mutations |
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Environment and social conditions can produce new viruses
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Jump species
Increasing deforestation Agricultural practices Increasing animal populations |
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Influenza; the ‘flu’
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Has additional structural proteins called matrix proteins and spikes
2 types of antigenic spikes: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) 3 types of influenza virus: A, B, C Antigenic variation of H and N lead to new strains (drift or shift) Transmitted by coughing and sneezing; contaminated objects Incubation period is 24 hours; fever and chills, fatigue, headache, severe cough, sneezing, body aches and pain, nasal congestion, dry throat, tightchest and back Disease is self-limiting and resolves in 7-10 days |
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Rhinovirus; common ‘head’ cold
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Picornaviridae
101 known types Transmitted by aerosol or direct contact Attaches to respiratory epithelium in nasal cavity; does not replicate well at body temp (37˚) Symptoms are nasal discharge, nasal congestion, sneezing, and throat irritation Children develop croup - cough/breathing difficulties Resolves after 1-2 weeks; ear and sinus infection(sinusitis) common complications, triggers asthma Antihistamines can be used for temporary relief of symptoms No vaccine; Anti-viral Kleenex |
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Adenovirus, the ‘common cold’
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stable to chemical or physical agents and adverse pH conditions, allowing for prolonged survival outside of the body
Transmitted by direct contact, respiratory secretions Upper respiratory pathogen; causes sore throat, high fever, cough, sometimes lymph nodes swelling Other diseases;conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, rash illness, acute respiratory disease Can also set-up chronic, asymptomatic infection of tissues No viral-specific therapy; vaccine for certain subtypes |