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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sterilization |
- Destroys 100% of microbes (including viruses and endospores) |
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Disinfection |
- Destroys vegetative pathogens - Does not destroy endospores or inanimate objects |
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Antiseptic |
- Applied directly to exposed body surfaces |
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Sanitization |
- Mechanically removes microbes - Degermation |
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Factors that affect death rate (6) |
- Number of microbes - Types of microbes - Temperature and pH of environment - Concentration of dosage of agent - Mode of action of the agent - Presence of solvents, organic matter, or inhibitors |
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Antimicrobial points of attack |
- Cell membrane and wall - DNA and Protein |
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Types of Physical Control |
- Heat (moist and dry) - Cold temperatures - Desiccation - Radiation - Filtration |
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Thermal Death Time (TDT) |
- Shortest time to kill all test microbes at a specified temperature |
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Thermal Death Point (TDP) |
- Lowest temperature to kill all microbes in sample in 10 minutes |
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High-level Germicides |
- Kill endospores - May be sterilants |
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Intermediate-level |
- Kill fungal spores (not endospores), TB, and viruses |
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Low-level |
- Kill vegetative bacteria, vegetative fungal cells, and some viruses |
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Magic Bullet |
- Destroys the infective agent without harming host cells |
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Side effects of Antibiotics |
- Allergy - Diarrhea - Fungal infections (mouth, digestive tract) |
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Antibiotics (Cell Wall Inhibitors) |
- Penicillin - Cephalosporins - Vancomycin (toxic) - Bacitracin - Monobactams - Fosfomycin - Cycloserine - Isoniazid |
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Antibiotics (Cell Membrane) |
- Polymyxins |
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Antibiotics (DNA/RNA) |
- Quinolones (Cipro) - Rifampin |
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Antibiotics (Ribosomes) |
- Chloramphenicol - Erythromycin - Clindamycin - Streptogramin - Gentamicin - Streptomycin - Tetracycline - Linezolid |
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Antibiotics (Metabolic Pathways) |
- Sulfa drugs |
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Antivirals |
- Deoxyguanosine - Acyclovir |
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Antifungals |
- Nystatin - Grisofulvin - Myconoazol |
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Antiprotozoan |
- Chloroquine (malaria) - Metronidazole (Flagyl) |
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Antihelminth |
- Niclosamide - Vermox - Pyrantel, piperazine: paralyze muscles |
