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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First observation of cells
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Hooke
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First observation of live microorganisms
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van Leeuwenhoek
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Nomeclature for organisms
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Linnaeous
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First Vaccine
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Jenner
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Disproved spontaneous generation
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Pasteur
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Germ theory of disease
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Koch
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Immunity
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Ehlrich
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Chemotherapy
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Ehlrich
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Penicillin
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Fleming
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prokaryotes
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Lack membrane enclosed organelles
Cells wals almost always contain peptidoglycan. Divide by binary fussion |
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Eukaryotes
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DNA found in nucleus
They have organells like mitochondria endoplasmic reticulum golgi complex lysosomes Their cell walls are chemically simple ' They divide by mitosis. |
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Bacteria
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Three rod shapes coccus bacillus and spiral
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Pleomorphic
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Bacteria that can assume several shapes
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Bacterial size
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between 0.2 and 2.0 um in diameter and 2-8 um in length
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Glycocalyx
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capsule slime layer is a gelatinous polysaccharide and/or polypeptide covering
Capsules can protect pathogens from phagocytosis Capsules enable adherence to surfaces prevent dessication and may provide nutriets |
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flagella
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long filamentous appendages consisting of filament hook and basal body
prokaryotic flagella rotate to push the cell motile bacteria exhibit taxis Flagellar (H) protein functions as an antigen |
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Axial filaments
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spiral cells that move by means of an axial filament (endoglagellum) are called spiraochetes
Similar to flagella except they wrap around a cell |
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Fimbrae and Pili
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are short thin appendages
help cells adhere to surfaces Pili join cells for the transfer of DNA from one cell to another |
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Cell wall
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Surrounds the plasma membrane and protects the cell from changes in water pressure
penicillin interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis Gram positive consist of many layers of peptidoglycan Gram negative have a lipid outer membrane protects cells from phagocytosis penicillin and lysosome |
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Cell walls and gram stain
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The crystal violet iodine complex combines with peptidoglycan
The decolorizer removes the lipid outer membrane of gram negative bacteria and washes out the crystal violet/ |
