Microbiology 6

Front 1

Facultative gram negative rods, non-lactose fermenting, produces H2S, and cultured in XLD medium

Back 1

Salmonella spp.

Front 2

Salmonella that can be seen in human colon only

Back 2

S. typhi

Front 3

Two species of Salmonella that cause enterocolitis, the invasion of epithelial and subepithelial tissue of large and small intestines. From infected egg and chicken

Back 3

S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium

Front 4

Species of Salmonella that causes typhoid fever due to Vi capsular antigen, allowing the organism to enter and multiply in Peyer's patches and then spread to reticulo-endothelial system.

Back 4

Salmonella typhi

Front 5

In typhoid fever, there is prediletion for invasion of the ______, which can result in establishment of the chronic carrier state

Back 5

Gallbladder

Front 6

Species of Salmonella that causes Septicemia, bacteremia which results in seeding of many organs with osteomyelitis, pneumonia, and meningitis as the most common sequelae. Commonly in patients with sickle cell anemia or cancer

Back 6

S. choleraesuis

Front 7

In week 1 of tyhoid fever, there is stepwise fever with relative bradycardia, anorexia, malaise, and bacteremia. Most important culture source is

Back 7

Blood

Front 8

In week 2 of typhoid fever, there are abdominal symptoms: abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, rose spots, hepatosplenomegaly, and jaundice. Most important culture sources are

Back 8

Urine, the rose spots

Front 9

In week 3 of typhoid fever, there is bleeding, ileitis, and pneumonia. Most important culture source is

Back 9

Stool

Front 10

In week 4 of typhoid fever, the patient may recover or die. Culture source

Back 10

Bone marrow

Front 11

A patient with typhoid ever past week 4 and is in a chronic carrier state has these culture sources

Back 11

Bile, stool, bone marrow

Front 12

Treatment for Salmonella spp.

Back 12

Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin

In Philippines: Amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole

Front 13

Non-lactose fermenting gram-negative rods that do not produce H2S, are non motile, and cultured in XLD medium

Back 13

Shigella spp.

Front 14

Shigella invade which part of the GIT

Back 14

Distal ileum and colon

Front 15

Shigella that is the most common cause of bacillary dysentery

Back 15

Shigella sonnei/Duval's bacillus

Front 16

Shigella that causes the most severe form of bacillary dysentery and is the most common cause of epidemic dysentery

Back 16

Shiella dysenteriae type I/Shiga bacillus

Front 17

Treatment for severe cases of Shigella

Back 17

Ciprofloxacin

Front 18

Comma-shaped gam negative rods, motile, oxidase positive, cultured on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar, with shooting star motility

Back 18

Vibrio spp.

Front 19

Vibrio found in human colon only

Back 19

V. cholerae

Front 20

Difference in transmission route between V. cholerae, parahaemolyticus, and vulnificus

Back 20

V. cholerae- fecal-oral route

V. parahaemolyticus- contaminated raw seafood

V. vulnificus- trauma to skin especially in shellfish handlers or ingestion of raw shellfish

Front 21

Vibrio cholerae causes cholera, producing watery diarrhea in large volumes, described as

Back 21

rice water stools

Front 22

Vibrio tahat causes gastroenteritis and wound infections

Back 22

V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus

Front 23

DOC for cholera

Back 23

Tetracycline

Front 24

Treatment for V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus

Back 24

Minocycline plus fluoroquinolone or cefotaxime

Front 25

Comma-shaped gram negative rods that are microaerophilic and grow well at 42C on Skirrows agar (prefers hot temperature)

Back 25

Campylobacter jejuni

Front 26

Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis

Back 26

Campylobacter jejuni

Front 27

Campylobacter jejuni produces histologic damage to the mucosal surfaces of the

Back 27

Jejunum

Front 28

Syndrome associated with Campylobacter jejuni where there is antigenic cross-reactivity between oligosaccharides in bacerial capsule and glycosphingolipids on surface of neural tissues

Back 28

Guillan-Barre syndrome

Front 29

Campylobacter jejuni is associated with Reiter's syndrome, triad of which is

Back 29

"Can't pee, can't see, can't climb a tree"

Urethritis

Uveitis

Arthritis

Front 30

Treatment for Campylobacter jejuni

Back 30

Erythromycin for severe disease

Front 31

Curved gram-negative rod, microaerophilic, urease positive

Back 31

Helicobacter pylori

Front 32

Most common urease positive bacteria

Back 32

"PucK HU"

Proteus mirabilis

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Helicobacter pylori

Ureaplasma urealyticum

Front 33

Helicobacter pylori damages ____ of the gastric mucosa

Back 33

Goblet cells

Front 34

Thanks to Helicobacter pylori's urease, they can produce large amounts of _____ to neutralize the stomach acid

Back 34

Ammonia

Front 35

H. pylori is associated with these 3 diseases

Back 35

Peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, MALT lymphomas

Front 36

Drugs used for H. pylori eradication

Back 36

Tetracycline, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin

Front 37

Facultative gram negative rods with large polysaccharide capsule and extended spectrum beta-lactamase activity in drug resistant strains. Urease positive

Back 37

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 38

Bacteria that causes necrotizing pneumonia with thick bloody sputum ("currant jelly" sputum)

Back 38

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 39

Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics

Back 39

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 40

Facultative gram negative rods, non-lactose fermenting, urease positve, with swarming motility/concentric growth

Back 40

proteus mirabilis

Front 41

Urease of Proteus mirabilis hydrolyzes the urea in urine to form ammonia, raising pH to produce alkaline urine and encouraging the formation of ______ composed of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate

Back 41

Struvite stones

Front 42

Proteum mirabilis is associated with complicated UTI associated with nephrolithiasis and _______ that form on renal calyces

Back 42

Staghorn calculi

Front 43

Treatment for Proteus mirabilis

Back 43

TMP-SMX or ampicillin