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169 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chocalate Agar
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H. Influenza
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Thayer-Martin agar
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N. gonorrhoeae
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Bordet-Gengou(potato) agar
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B. pertussis
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Loffler's Medium
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C. diphtheriae
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Lowenstein-Jensen agar
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M. tuberculosis
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Charcoal yeast extract agar
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Legionella
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Sabouraud's agar
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Fungi
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Factors V and X
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H. influenza
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Grow on media w/ increased iron and cysteine
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Legionella
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India ink stain
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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Silver stain
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Fungi, PCP, Legionella
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Obligate aerobes
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Nocardia, Pseudomonas, M. tuberculosis, Bacillus
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Obligate anaerobes
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Clostridium, Bacteroides, Actinomyces
lack catalase and/or superoxide dismutase |
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Obligate intracellular
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Rickettsia, Chlamydia
Can't make their own ATP |
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Facultative intracellular
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Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia
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Encapsulated bacteria
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Strep pneumoniae, H. influenza (especially type B), Neisseria meningitidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Beta hemolytic
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Staph aureus, Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactiae, Listeria monocytogenes
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Protein A
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Binds and inhibits Fc-IgG
a/w Staphylococcus aureus |
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ASO titer
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Strep pyogenes
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ADP ribosylation of EF-2
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exotoxin A
Diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas |
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Toxin that inhibits ACh release
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C. botulinum toxin
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alpha toxin
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C. perfringens
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IgA protease
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H. influenza, strep pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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Toxin that permanently activates Gs
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Vibrio cholerae toxin; Also heat labile (LT) toxin in enterotoxigenic E. coli
Produce rice water stools |
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Toxin that permanently disables Gi
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Pertussin toxin
Causes whooping cough |
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Edema Factor
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Bacillus anthracis toxin
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Urease positive
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H. pylori, Proteus mirabilis, Ureaplasma, Nocardia & Cryptococcus
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Cold agglutinins
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IgM autoantibodies to RBC's
a/w Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
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M protein
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virulence factor on fimbriae that interferes w/ phagocytosis
a/w Strep pyogenes |
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Toxin that causes bloody diarrhea
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Shiga toxin(Shigella) and Shiga-like toxin(Enterohemorrhagic E. coli)
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Phospholipase C
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leads to necrosis
a/w Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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Most common cause of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
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Strep. pyogenes
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Scarlet fever
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Strep. pyogenes
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2nd MCC of CAP
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H. influenza
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2nd MCC of otitis media
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H. influenza
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Ulcerating necrotizing gingivitis when present w/ oral spirochetes
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Fusobacterium nucleatum
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Gram (+) lanclet shaped diplococcus
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Strep. pneumoniae
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MCC of otitis media in infants >2 months
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Strep. pneumoniae
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MCC of typical pneumonia in US
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Strep. pneumoniae
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Cell wall rich in teichoic acid
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Strep. pneumoniae
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Cholesterol in membrane
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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MCC of pneumoniae in 5-15 year olds
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Fried egg colonies
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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Contaminates AC cooling towers
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Legionella pneumophilia
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Pontiac Fever
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Legionella pneumophilia
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Whooping cough
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Bordetella pertussis
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Cell wall lacks muramic acid
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Chlamydia
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Psittacosis
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Chlamydia psittaci
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Red currant jelly sputum
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Klebsiella
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Food poisoning from seafood
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Vibrio parahaemolyticus/vulnificus
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Food poisoning from reheated rice
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Bacillus cereus
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Food poisoning from mayonaise or custard
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Staph aureus
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Food poisoning from reheated meat dishes
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Clostridium perfringens
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Food poisoning from improperly canned foods
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Clostridium botulinum
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Food poisoning from undercooked meat
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E. coli
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Food poisoning from poultry and eggs
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Salmonella
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Pseudomembranous colitis
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Clostridium difficile
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"Honeymoon Cystitis"
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Staph saprophyticus
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"Swarming" growth on blood agar
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Proteus mirabilis
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Grow on 40% bile, pH 9.6 or 6.5% salt
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Enterococcus faecalis
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Gram (-) intracellular diplococcus
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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LOS endotoxin
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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STD w/ thick, yellow purulent exudate
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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Spirochete STD
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Treponema pallidum (syphillis)
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STD w/ hard chancre w/ ulceration
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Treponema pallidum (syphillis)
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Jarisch-Herxheimer Rxn
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occurs during treatment for syphillis
intensification of symptoms after begining tx- sign that treatment is working |
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Argyll Robertson pupil
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sign of tertiary syphillis
pupil constricts w/ accomadation but not reactive to light |
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Tabes dorsalis
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sign of tertiary syphillis
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STD w/ cytoplasmic inclusion bodies
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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STD w/ greenish vaginal discharge w/ fishy smell
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Gardnerella vaginallis
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Clue cells
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Gardnerella vaginallis
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Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
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hemorrhage, circulatory failure and adrenal insufficiency
Complication of meningitis from Neisseria meningitidis |
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8th nerve deafness
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complication of meningitis from Neisseria meningitidis
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"tennis raquet" morphological appearance
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Clostridium tetani
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Exotoxin that blocks glycine release from Renshaw cells in spinal cord
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Clostridium tetani
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MCC of subacute bacterial endocarditis
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Strep viridans
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Dental carries
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Strep viridans
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Bacteria w/ remarkable ability to adhere to artificial materials in the body
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Staph epidermidis
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Gas gangrene
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Clostridium perfringens
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Pneumonia w/ blue-green sputum
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Flea bite in SW united states
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Yersinia pestis
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Lyme disease
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Borrelia burgdorgeri
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Transmitted via ixodes tick
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Borrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease)
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Bull's eye rash
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Red rash w/ central clearing
a/w Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease) |
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Berry-like structures in granulocytes
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Ehrlichia phagocytophila and Anaplasma phagcyophilum
Granulocytic Ehrlichia |
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Weil-Felix reaction
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assay for antiricketsial antibodies
cross reacts w/ proteus antigen |
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Rocky mountain spotted fever
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Rickettsia rickettsii
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Bacteria w/ polypeptide capsule
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Bacillus anthracis
most capsules have polysaccharide |
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Yellow granular deposits
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contain sulfur
a/w Actinomyces israelli |
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Campylobacter |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Salmonella |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Vibrio Cholerae |
Watery
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Yersinia enterocolitica |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Enterotoxigenic E. coli |
Watery
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Protozoa |
Watery
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Shigella |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Viruses |
Watery
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Clostridium perfringens |
Watery
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Enteroinvasive E. coli |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Clostridium difficile |
Bloody
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Bloody or Watery diarrhea:
Entamoeba histolytica |
Bloody
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Woolsorter's disease
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inhalation of anthrax spores from contaminated wool
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Pneumonia in alcoholics
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Klebsiella
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Pneumonia in diabetics
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Klebsiella
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Palm and sole rash
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Rocky mountain spotted fever (rickettsia rickettsii), syphillis and coxsackie A virus (hand, foot and mouth disease)
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VDRL false positives
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VDRL is a test for syphillis
False positives from mononucleosis, hepatitis, some drugs, rheumatic fever, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE and leprosy |
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MCC of Acute Bacterial endocarditis
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Staph aureus
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Lobar pneumonia
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Strep pneumonia
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Bronchopneumonia
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Staph aureus, H. influenza, Klebsiella, Strep pyogenes
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Interstitial pneumonia
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aka atypical pneumonia
Viruses (RSV, adenovirus), Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia |
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Cat scratch disease
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Bartonella henselae
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Mulberry clusters in monocytes
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Ehrlichia chafeensis
Monocytic ehrlichiosis |
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"Shepard's crook" spirochetes
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Leptospira interrogans
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How Neisseria gonorrhoeae produces recurrent infections
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antigenic and phase variations of pili
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How does E. coli transfer drug resistances
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transfer of multiple plasmids via conjugation
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Infection sometimes related to eating honey
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Clostridium botulinim
Causes floppy baby syndrome from ingestion of spores in contaminated honey |
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Type of virus:
Adenoviridae |
dsDNA
Naked, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Hepadnaviridae |
dsDNA
enveloped |
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Type of virus:
Herpesviridae |
dsDNA
enveloped, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Parvoviridae |
ssDNA
naked, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Papovaviridae |
dsDNA
naked, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Poxviridae |
dsDNA
enveloped, Brick shaped virion |
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Type of virus:
Coronaviridae |
(+)ssRNA
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Flaviviridae |
(+)ssRNA
enveloped, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Picornaviridae |
(+)ssRNA
naked, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Retroviridae |
(+)ssRNA
enveloped, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Togaviridae |
(+)ssRNA
enveloped, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Caliciviridae |
(+)ssRNA
naked, icosahedral |
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Type of virus:
Bunyaviridae |
(-)ssRNA (circular)
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Orthomyxoviridae |
(-)ssRNA
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Paramyxoviridae |
(-)ssRNA
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Rhabdoviridae |
(-)ssRNA
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Filoviridae |
(-)ssRNA
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Arenaviridae |
(-)ssRNA (circular)
enveloped, helical |
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Type of virus:
Reoviridae |
dsRNA
naked, icosahedral (double) |
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Type of virus:
Deltavirus |
(-)ssRNA (circular)
enveloped, helical |
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What viruses are in:
Hepadnaviridae |
Hepatitis B virus
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What viruses are in:
Herpesviridae |
HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster, EBV, CMV, HHV-6, HHV-8
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What viruses are in:
Parvoviridae |
B19 virus
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What viruses are in:
Papovaviridae |
Human papilloma virus
JC virus |
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What viruses are in:
Poxviridae |
variola (smallpox), vaccinia, molluscum contagiosum viruses
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What viruses are in:
Picornaviridae |
Poliovirus, Echovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsackie virus, Hepatitis A, enterovirus
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What viruses are in:
Caliciviridae |
Hepatitis E virus, Norwalk virus
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What viruses are in:
Reoviridae |
Reovirus, rotavirus, orbivirus
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What viruses are in:
Flaviviridae |
Hepatitis C, Yellow fever, Dengue, St. Louis encephalitis, West nile viruses
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What viruses are in:
Togaviridae |
Rubella(German measles), Eastern equine encephalitis, Wester equine encephalitis
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What viruses are in:
Retroviridae |
HIV, HTLV
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What viruses are in:
Orthomyxoviridae |
Influenza virus
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What viruses are in:
Paramyxoviridae |
Parainfluenza, Respiratory syncitial, measles, mumps, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, Newcastle disease viruses
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What viruses are in:
Rhabdoviridae |
Rabies virus, vesicular stomatitis virus
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What viruses are in:
Filoviridae |
Ebola, Marburg hemorrhagic fever viruses
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What viruses are in:
Bunyaviridae |
California encephalitis, Sandfly/Rift Valley fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, hantavirus, La Crosse encephalitis virus
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (+); Coagulase (+)
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Staphylococcus Aureus
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (+); Coagulase (-); Novobiocin resistant
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Staphyloccocus saprophyticus
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (+); Coagulase (-); Novobiocin sensitive
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Staphylococcus epidermidis
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (-); alpha hemolysis; optochin sensitive
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Streptococcus Pneumoniae
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (-); alpha hemolysis; optochin resistant
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Streptococcus viridans
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (-); beta hemolysis; Bacitracin sensitive
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Streptococcus pyogenes- Group A
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (-); beta hemolysis; Bacitracin resistant
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Streptococcus agalactiae- Group B
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Gram (+) Cocci; Catalase (-); gamma hemolysis
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Enterococcus and Peptostreptococcus
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Gram (+) Bacilli
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Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Listeria, Bacillus
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Gram (-) Cocci; Maltose fermenter
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Neisseria meningitidis
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Gram (-) Cocci; Maltose Nonfermenter
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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Gram (-) Coccoid rods
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H. Influenza, Pasteurella, Brucella, Bordetella pertussis
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Gram (-) Rods; Fast Lactose Fermenter
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Klebsiella, E. Coli, Enterobacter
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Gram (-) Rods; Slow Lactose Fermenter
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Citrobacter, Serratia
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Gram (-) Rods; Lactose Nonfermenter; Oxidase (-)
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Shigella, Salmonella, Proteus
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Gram (-) Rods; Lactose Nonfermenter; Oxidase (+)
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Pseudomonas
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