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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Eukrayotic super groups are ... ? Names please. Which is the biggest. Which is composed of the most photosynthetic organisms
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Excavata
Archaeplastids - most photosynthestic Hacrobians or CCTH - Cryptomonads, Centrohelids, Telonemids, Hapthophytes SAR - biggest Unikonts - Ophistokonta (1 flagella) and Amebozoa |
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Hapthophytes - Hacrobia . What are they known for?
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They are Emiliana huxleyi.
They have Calcified outer shells. They absorb a certain wavelength so they are easier to see on satellite images. Vital in the carbon cycle when they die. |
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What physical structure historically distinguishes unikonts.
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rear facing flagella (at one point)
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What is the most recent unicellular ancestor of the ANIMAL kingdom?
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Choanoflagella
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Defining features of opistokont ???
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Rear facing flagella. Protists have a front facing flagella
Back in the old days, opistokonts had one flgella arising from a single centriole |
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How are we opistokonts
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BECAUSE WE WERE SPERMS. they have rear facing flagella
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Describe how seas sponges are virtually the same as choanoflagellates
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Sea sponges have a basket weave that is lined with alot of choanocytes and each choanocyte is virtually the same as a choanoflagellate
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What is another name for a group that encompasses all yeasts
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Ascomycota - Fungii
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What yeast causes oral and vaginal infections
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Candida albicans
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What yeast is causes bread and butter
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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what distinguishes Amoebae
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they move though bulky cytoplasmic shifts and undergoe Pseudopodia
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Defining features of Ameobozoa
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Tublinea- Have tubular pseudopodia
They can only move the cytoplasm in one direction unidirectional Pleomorphic - has no set shape |
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What are the similarities and differences between Amoeba Chaos
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They are both HUGE 2mm
Amoeba has one polygenic nucleus with ca. 500 chromosomes Chaos is multi nucleated (basically a plasmodium) |
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what is a plasmodium and what are its physical features? 4 points
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Unicellular , multinucleate mass, often enclosed by a slime sheath
Often brightly coloured Typically a network of vein-like strands of protoplasm Synchronous nuclear division |
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what is the translation of mycetozoans
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mykete= fungus
zoa= creatures |
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What are mycetozoans also called
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Slime molds
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Describe slime molds
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Often classified with fungi because they look like fungii, produce spores, and therefore has the same niche as fungi but it is much different because they are part of super group.
The difference lies where fungi are saprophytic (eat dead things ) but slime molds prey on bacteria (living things ) filose |
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What does myxomycetes mean and what what cellular sturctures do they have
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myxa= slime
myketes = fungus Plasmodial |
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What happened to Archeoplastids ancestors
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Their ancestor enslaved a cynobacteria to make a chloroplast. This makes them photosynthetic
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How many times have bacteria enslaved a cynobacteria
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ONLY ONCE
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What is primary endosymbiosis and where did it occur?
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When a bacteria is taken up by a host cell and that bacteria gives its genome to the host cell to make its proteins, hence permanently relies on host cell for its proteins. It is enslaved.
Occured when an ancestor of archaeplastida took up cyanobacterial |
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What does Viridiplantae mean
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True plant
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What are terrestrial plants known as under Archaeplastid tree
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Streptophytes
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What are blue algae ?
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Glaucophytes - only unicellular
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Glaucophytes
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Tiny group that are rare. They have blue green plasmids that are often called cyanelles
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where can glaucophytes be found
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Fresh water
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What is the oldest multicellular eukaryote fossil and what was its name
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Red algae
Bangiomorpha pubescens |
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Many human pathogens are apart of this super group.. which group
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Excavates
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What is the Excavate hypothesis
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The common ancestor of excavates had a ventral feeding groove that all food went into and filtered out
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What is important about Euglenozoa
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Free living eukaryotes
Some pathogenic ( Lieshmania , Trypanosoma ) |
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Reclinomonas americana
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excavate with a feeding groove
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Haptophytes and Crytophytes (part of CCTH) are special why ?
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They have red algae
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Haptophytes live where ?
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Marine environments (very few fresh water )
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They are the third major group of primary producers in the ocean after diatoms and dinoflagellates
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Haptophytes
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DMS is produced by which group of organism
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Haptophyte. implicated in cloud and weather
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Morphology of Haptophytes
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Generally flagellated forms, a few species coccoid (often embedded in mucus), filamentous or colonial
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Rhizaria is part of which supergroup
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SAR
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Rhizaria organisms have what in common
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They have filos or reticulate pseudopodia
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What does Rhizaria contain.
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Diverse group including photosynthetic flagellates (Chlorarachniophytes), heterotrophic flagellates (Cercomonas) or organisms covered in shells e.g. Euglypha
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The largest protist group is ...
What super group is it under? |
Diatoms
Stemophiles - SAR |
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Where are diatoms found
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both marine and freshwater enviroments
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This is responsible for 20% global primary production (carbon dixed by phtosynthetic organisms)
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Diatoms
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What is dynamite made out of and where is the main rock found
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nitroglycerine that is dried in Diatomite. That is marine sediment from diatoms
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Name the unicellular species that brown algae have?
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trick question, none
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where are brown algae usually found
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coastal temperate and polar regions
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What caused the Irish potatoe famine
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Sloomycetes
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What is the largest group of non-photosynthetic heterokonts
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Sloomcyetes: Oomycetes
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Ciliates are part of which super group
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Alveolates- SAR
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How do ciliates feed
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raptorial feeders - chase down prey
Filter feeders - bacteria and particulate organic matter |
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Examples of Ciliates
which is the photosynthetic one |
Tertahymena and paramecium
zoochlorellae |
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What happens when ciliates undergoe transformation
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several groups of filter feeders join their cytosomes and become one very large raptorial feeder.
Become canniabls in most cases |
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Dinoflagellates are defined by what physical features (3)
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a transversal flagella and a Longitudinal flaggla
Also have plates or scales |
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What is responsible for redtide
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Dinoflagelates
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What is responsible for flourscent blue when canoeing or stuff
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Dinoflagellate blooms
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