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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 3 important vector-borne bacterial agents?
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1. Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme Disease)
2. Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever) 3. Yersinia pestis (Plague) |
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What are the physical characteristics of Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease)?
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- Spirochete
- Flagella (highly motile) |
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What is the vector that transmits Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease)?
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The black legged tick (Ixodes)
- Ixodes scapularis (east coast) - Ixodes pacificus (pacific coast) |
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What is the reservoir of Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease)?
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The white footed mouse
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When are infections of Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease) normall observed?
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Summer months when people are outside
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What virulence factors does Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease) have?
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- Extracellular pathogen
- Uses OspC (outer surface protein C) to migrate to tick salivary glands - Adheres to human host cells - Salp15 protects from antibodies |
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What symptoms does Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease) cause?
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Early Disseminated Lyme Disease:
1. Bull's eye rash 7-14 days after tick bite 2. Rash accompanied with fever, fatigue, headache, muscle aches. Late Disseminate Lyme Disease (wks/months later) 1. Intermittent swelling/pain of joints 2. Neurological Disease (can cross blood brain barrier) |
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How is Borellia burgdorferi (lyme disease) treated?
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- Doxycycline and Amoxicillin for early disease
- IV antibiotic for late disease |
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What is the vector of Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever)?
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East: Dog Tick
West: Wood Tick |
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What is the reservoir of Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever)?
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Rodents
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What are the symptoms of Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever)?
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- "Spotted" red rash from periphery to trunk
- Sudden Headaches - Fevers - Chills - Muscle Aches |
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How does Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever) enter human?
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- Deposited by tick
- Enters bloodstream via scratching |
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How does Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever) spread once in human?
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Via actin "rocket tail"
recall: similar to Shigella and Listeria |
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How is Rickettsi rickettsii (Rock Mountain Spotted Fever) treated?
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- Tetracylcine
- Chloramphenical in pregnant women and children (recall: because tetracyline causes teeth discoloration in kids) |
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What are the physical characteristics of Yersinia pestis (plague)?
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1. Gram Negative
2. Safety Pin Shaped in Blood |
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What is vector and reservoir of Yersinia pestis (plague)?
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Vector: Oriental rat flea
Reservoir: Rodent Note: Once in humans, can spread airborne human to human |
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What virulence factors does Yersinia pestis (plague) have?
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- Forms biolfilm to block flea digestive tract, keeps flea hungry and biting/infecting hosts
- Bacteria infect lymph nodes, become systemic - Type 3 secretion system to destroy macrophages (via disrupting their actin) |
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What are the symptoms of Yersinia pestis (plague)?
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1. Buboes - infected nodes with 2-6 days
2. Black Skin 3. Fever, chills, extreme exhaustion |
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How does Yersinia pestis (plague), prevent phagocytosis by macrophages?
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Uses Type Three Secretion System (TTSS) to inject bacterial effectors which destroy actin cytoskeleton
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How is Yersinia pestis (plague) treated?
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- Streptomycin
- Tetracycline |
