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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acid Fast stain maesures what?
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Presence of members of genus mycobacterium
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What are the acid-fast stain reagents?
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Carbol fuchsin, decolorizer, methylene blue
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What do acid-fast, and contrarily, non-acid fast organisms stain?
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acid-fast = red
no AF = blue or green |
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Components of Virus
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Capsid
Capsomeres Envelope Naked ciruses Spikes |
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Virus Multiplication
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1. attachment
2. penetration 3.uncoating 4.biosynthesis 5. assmbly/maturation 6. release |
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Types of infections
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Latent = virus remains in cell for long time w/out displaying symptoms
Slow = disease rpocesses over long time - usually end in death |
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Protozoa that lack their own means of motility
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sporozoans: float about on the air, but don't have appendages that move them
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Examples of obligate intracellular parasites
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Rickettsia and Chlamydia
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Characteristics of Mycoplasmas
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smallest of the cellular microbes
lack a bacterial cell wall |
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Protozoa
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-Eucaryotic, single celled organisms in the kingdom protista
-classified by their means of locomotion -most protozoa are free-living but some are human parasites |
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Human diseases caused by protozoa
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entamoeba histolytica
plasmodium spp. giardia lamblia toxoplasma gondii trichomonas vaginalis |
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Characteristics of Fungi
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-Eukaryotic, plant-like organisms
-Most are saprophytic -Two major forms: molds & yeasts -fungi which can be either yeast or mold depending on temperature are called dimorphic |
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Fungal diseases of humans
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-systemic mycoses
-subcutaneous mycoses -cutaneous mycoses -opportunistic mycoses |
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Prion diseases
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-Scrapie in goats&sheep
-Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle -creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker diseases, fatal familial insomnia |
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General characteristics of bacteria
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cellular morphology
staining reactions motility genetic characteristics atmospheric requirements nutritional requirements biochemical characteristics metabolic activities |
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Bacterial Cellular Morphology
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Round/sphere = cocci
Rectangular/rod = bacilli short rods or elongated cocci = coccobacilli curved or spiral-shared = spirochetes |
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Gram stain colors
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-Positive is purple (crystal violet stays on)
-Negative is red (safranin takes over) |
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Classification of Viruses
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by species
-type of nucleic acid -morphology -capsid -ether susceptibility -pathology -site of multiplication -transmission -host |
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Bacteriophage shapes
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they can be icosahedral, filamentous, helical, complex
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Mycosis
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Fungal infection
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Mycoplasma
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unique type of bacteria that lacks a cell wall
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