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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lec 4
- Nucleoid |
- area of microbe where DNA
is found - single chromosome - Condensed by scaffolding /DNA binding protiens - no nuclear membrane - Transcription & translation at the same time... WOW |
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Lec 4
- Nucleoid - Prokaryotic DNA info |
- Prokaryotes are 1N Haploid
- Negative Supercoiled shape 1 - untwisted double helix 2 - easy replic/transcript |
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Lec 4
- Nucleoid - Prokaryotic DNA info - Negative Supercoiled DNA - who has it |
- all prokaryotes have neg
supercoiled DNA - EXCEPT Thermophiles |
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Lec 4
- Nucleoid - Genome size variance in Microbes |
from .5 to 10 million base
pairs - genome can vary up to 1000 genes in the same species |
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Lec 4
- Cytoplasmic DNA - Plasmids |
- extra DNA in cytoplasm
- Round shape - replicate autonomously - NOT vital Genes - Accessory genes like pili or antibiotic resistance |
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Lec 4
- Cytoplasmic DNA - Plasmids - Transference |
- Plasmids can be
transferred from one microbe to another - this is used to create dif strains w/ different attrib. |
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Lec 4
- Prokaryotic Cytoplasm |
- Lots of ribosomes
- very viscous (4x eukary) - less viscous if starving - many vesicles and inclusion - some make endospores |
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Lec 4
- Gas vesicles (cyanobacteria) |
- in both Bacteria & Archea
- found in photosynthetic org - used to confer buoyancy - change depth for optimal photosynthesis |
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Lec 4
- Gas vesicles - structure |
- outside made of GvpA & GvpC
- GvpA is rigid Beta sheet and impermeable H20/gas - GvpC is alpha helical and cross linked (make linkage) |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules |
- Hold food stuffs for cell
- is non unit (single layer) - not bilayer |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - PHA |
PHA = polyhydroxyalk
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - PHB |
- most common storage for excees carbon
- most common storage period.. |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - glycogen inclusions |
- glycogen inclusions
- some cells use glycogen for e- metabolism |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - Magnetosomes |
- store Fe3)4, magnetite
- allows microbe to orient along magnetic field - non unit (unilayer) |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - Sulfur |
- microbes that oxidize H2S
- stores elemental Sulfur |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - Phosphate |
- phosphate stored as
polyphosphate in granules |
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Lec 4
- Cell inclusions - Storage Granules - inclusion bodies |
- store any excess protein
lying around - catch all name |
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Lec 4
- Other 'somes - Carboxysomes |
- any microbe that fixes
CO2 - contain protein RuBisCo - CO is Carboxylate |
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Lec 4
- Other 'somes - Enterosomes |
- Found in the intestine
- contain proteins to convert propanediol for metabolism - ex is salmonila |
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Lec 4
- Endospores |
- Survival mechanism
- only made when microbe is under stress (suicide) - called sporulation - 3 classifications |
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Lec 4
- Endospores - terminal endospore |
- endospore forms at far end
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Lec 4
- Endospores - Subterminal |
- endospore forms close to a
far end |
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Lec 4
- Endospores - central |
- endospore forms close to center of microbe
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Lec 4
- Endospores - longevity |
- can survive dessication,
heat, and temp - can last for centuries |
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Lec 4
- Endospores - Diversity |
- Microbes that form endospor
are all related - most (all) are gram + - either bascillus or clostridium - |
