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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pathongens
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organisms that cause disease
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Types of Microorganisms
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Bacteria, Archea, Fungi, Protists, Algae
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prokaryotes
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lack membrane enclosed nucleus and organelles
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archae
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lack peptidoglycan; in extreme environments; methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles, acidophiles
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fungi
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eukaryotes; contain organelles, plant like but not true plants
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algae
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photosynthetic protists
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viroids
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common plant pathogens; replicate in plant nucleolus; DNA directed RNA Polymerase
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virusiods
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depend on helper virus for replication
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viruses
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contain core nucleic acid and protein coat; some contain lipid envelope
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infectious agents that are not microbes
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parasites, prions ( reaarranges itself into strands and sheets)
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Koch's Postulates
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pathogen present in every case of disease/ pathogenn isolated and grown in pure culture/ isolated path causes disease in healthy organisms/ pathogen is isolated from inoculated animal
isolated and discovered anthrasis |
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Van Lee.
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1st to observe microbes; used teeth scrapings; called them animicules
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redi
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one of early critics of spontaneous generation
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needham
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led support to spontaneous generation; grew bacteria heated broths; believed there was vegetative force
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Spallanzini
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made expirements to discredit Needhams work; work was challenged by Lavoiser
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Virchow
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opposed theory of spontaneous generation; law of biogenesis
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Pasteur
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discredited spontaneous generation
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edward jenner
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discovered vaccination
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prokaryotes
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eubacteria; archea
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virulence
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ability to cause disease
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capsule
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glycocalyx; attached to cell wall firmly
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slime layer
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loosley attached
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EPX
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glycocalyx made out of carbohydrates
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biofilms
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composed of populations or communities of microorganisms adhering to environmental surfaces
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glycocalyx
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resistance to drying; resevoir for nutrients; waste disposal site
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4 arrangements of bacteria
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monotrichous; amphitrichous; lophotrichous; perittrichous
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flagella
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engage TLR5 receptors; attachment device to viruses and other bacteria
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fimbriae
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can be few to hundreds; attachment device
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pili
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only 1-2 per cell; involved in DNA exchange
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carbon recycling
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break down dead plant matter and sea creatures
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oxygen producing
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breaking apart the bonds of carbon dioxide and making oxygen available to living things
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human genome
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8.3% can be traced back to retrovirus infections
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protists
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non photosynthetic
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algae
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photosynthetic
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K antigens
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80 different capsular polysachharides
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