Microbio Cscp Week 2 Bacteria

Front 1

Spore forming anaerobic pathogens are in the genus

Back 1

clostridium

Front 2

Gram + rods that are obligate anaerobes are likely

Back 2

Clostridium

Front 3

Botulism, Gas gangrene, tetanus, and pseudomembranous colitis are associated with

Back 3

Clostridium botulinum, perfringns, tetani, difficile respectively

Front 4

This is a strict anaerobe that is G+ rod with a prominent spore that looks like a drumstick

Back 4

C. tetani

Front 5

Describe tetanospasmin

Back 5

it is a heath labile AB neurotoxin released form vegetative cells that inhibits GABA

note that cells release toxin at site of entry they don't disseminate in

Front 6

Vaccine for tetanus

Back 6

given as DTap and then toxoid every 10 yrs as boost

Front 7

This is a large rectangular G+ rods that rarely has spores, replicates rapidly and produces lots of extracellular enzymes

Back 7

Clostridium perfringes

Front 8

This is common with gunshot wounds and punctures, it has hemolytic enzymes, phospholipase C and is necrotizing

Back 8

C. perfringes

Front 9

After an incubation period of 1 day see acute inflammatory cellulitis, edema, CO2/H2 production, crepitus (gas gangrene)

Back 9

C. perfringes

Front 10

Aside from gas gangrene, C. perfringes can cause

Back 10

GI upset and diarrhea if ingested

Front 11

C perfringes is found in

Back 11

soil, the large intestine, and female genital tract of humans and animals

Front 12

This is a G+ rod, obligate anaerobe, heat resistant, makes a spore and causes flaccid paralysis

Back 12

C. botulinum

Front 13

mode of dissemination for C. botulinum toxin and its action

Back 13

digestive enzyme- resistant toxin absorbed from GI tract after ingested
inhibits Ach at NMJ to cause flaccid paralysis

Front 14

G+ rod, anaerobic, spore forming, rectangular, part of normal flora

Back 14

C. diff

Front 15

What do C diff toxins A and B do?

Back 15

Toxin A causes hypersecretion (diarrhea)
Toxin B depolymerizes actin, cytotoxic to colon

Front 16

Non spore forming anaerobes are commonly found

Back 16

inhabit oropharynx, GI tract and GU as normal flora
G- and G+

Front 17

Non spore forming anaerobes usually cause

Back 17

opportunistic infections abscesses/ aspiration pneumonia

Front 18

Symptoms and signs of non-spore anaerobic infections

Back 18

fever/nausea/ cullulitis, gangrene, FOUL ODOR

Front 19

These are Acid Fast Rods, pellicle growth, aerobic, non spore, non motile

Back 19

Mycobacteria tuberculosis

Front 20

What is special about the cell wall of acid fast bacteria like M. tuberculosis?

Back 20

Large lipid component wax like- mycolic acid
makes it hydrophobic

Front 21

3 factors that enhance infectiousness of TB

Back 21

coughing, sputum smear with AFB, cavitary lesion on CXR

Front 22

Go over pathogenesis of TB

Back 22

inhalation of nuclei into alveoli
alveolar macrophage ingests
replicates in macrophage
transported to Lymph Node
systemic dissemination

Front 23

What happens on a PPD test?

Back 23

if patient has been previously infected w TB committed memory T cells infiltrate site (CD4), get an induration
is a form of delayed hypersensitivity reaction

Front 24

Test for TB more reliable than PPD

Back 24

IGRA interferon gamma release assay- programmed T cells respond

Front 25

Cavitary Tuberculosis features

Back 25

night sweats/weight loss/productive cough
CXR w apical/posterior upper lobe and apical lobe

Front 26

Ziehl Neelsen method is used to diagnose

Back 26

TB

Front 27

AFB smear and culture which is definitive and which is presumptive

Back 27

a smear is presumptive a culture is definitive

Front 28

Recommended regimen for initial TB therapy 4 drugs

Back 28

Isoniazid, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
keep treating for 6-9 months
can drop EMB if INH is working

Front 29

If MDR TB suspected incorporate

Back 29

Quinolone, capreomycin, cycloserine

Front 30

A latent TB infection may be treated with

Back 30

INH isoniazid for 6-9 months or INH + rifapentine for 3 months or rifampin for 4 months

Front 31

The mycoplasma membrane is rich in___
it lacks___

Back 31

Sterols
it lacks peptidoglycan cell wall

Front 32

What causes walking pneumonia and what are clinical features

Back 32

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
causes upper respiratory tract atypical pneumonia non productive cough

Front 33

How does Mycoplasma make its cell membrane

Back 33

the sterols are NOT synthesized, they are incorporated from host or serum

Front 34

Is mycoplasma anaerobic or aerobic

Back 34

It is a STRICT aerobe

Front 35

Immune response to M. pneumonia

Back 35

IgM early followed by late IgG and IgA

Front 36

An M. Pneumonia infection may result in this transient autoantibody disorder

Back 36

Secondary Cold Agglutinin deisease
low affinity antibody reacts with own blood cells
see blue extremities, common in kids
Doesn't cause much anemia

Front 37

Virulence of M Pneumnoiae

Back 37

P1 adhesin to bind cilia and destroy them
Superantigen of adhesions
Polysaccharide capsule
hemolysin kills host cells

Front 38

Treat M. Pneumoniae with

Back 38

macrolides
penicillin won't work

Front 39

Ureaplasma urealyticum causes

Back 39

Gentiourinary tract infections
urethritis and cervicitis

Front 40

Chlamydia is gram- or +?
Obligate____

Back 40

Gram negative
obligate intracellular pathogen

Front 41

Chlamydia is infectious in this form___
and replicates in this form

Back 41

Infectious-Elementary body
Replicates as Retuculate body

Front 42

Instead of peptidoglycan chlamydia has___

Back 42

a P layer of cysteine rich proteins

Front 43

How is chlamydia virulent

Back 43

type II secretion
inhibits phagolysosome fusion
aquisition of host lipids
fusogenicity of early inclusions

Front 44

Type of reaction to chlamydia

Back 44

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Hsp60
immune response to Hsp

Front 45

Chlamedia pneumonia causes

Back 45

chronic bronchitis, asthma, exacerbates COPD

some say it's connected to atherosclerosis

Front 46

Microbiology of Brucella

Back 46

G- facultative intracellular
coccobaccili
non spore forming
requires CO2 on culture

Front 47

Brucella survives in macrophages by inhibiting

Back 47

myeloperoxidase-peroxide system

Front 48

What is the host response to Brucella

Back 48

Granulomatous

Front 49

Brucella infections spread to

Back 49

lymph system (reticuloendothelial) then blood

Front 50

Brucella is associated with ingesting

Back 50

milk/cheese contaminated
common in goats (B.melitinus)

Front 51

Causative agent of tularemia and microbiology

Back 51

Franciscella tulurensis
small gram - coccobaccilus (looks like brucella)

Front 52

Zoonotic infection that has safety pin appearance

Back 52

tularemia

sometimes yersinia pestis gets described this way

Front 53

3 vectors for tularemia

Back 53

Rabbits
Deer fly (Tabinet fly)
Tick

Front 54

Clinical features of tularemia

Back 54

ulceroglandular at bite site
gets to lymph system so have tender lymphadenopathy
can look like typhoid

Front 55

Skinning a rabbit may put you at risk for

Back 55

Tularemia

Front 56

Bartonella henselae causes

Back 56

cat scratch fever
papule at site and regional adenopathy

Front 57

Ehrlichia chaffeensis causes

Anaplasma phagocytophilium causes

Back 57

Human Monocytic Erlichiosis

Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis

Front 58

What carrier rocky mountain spotted fever

Back 58

Dermacentor variabilis
the American DOG tick

Front 59

RMSF infects

Back 59

vascular endothelium
causes small vessel vasculitis

Front 60

To have Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever you have to see both these clinical features

Back 60

sudden fever and headache

Front 61

Vector for Erlichiaosis (HME)

Back 61

The Lone star tick
Amblyomma americanum

Front 62

Vector for Anaplsma (HGA)

Back 62

Ixodes scapularis the Deer Tick

Front 63

Presence of morula indicates

Back 63

for Anaplasma and Chaffeensis (HGA and HME)

Front 64

Erythema migrans is associated with

Back 64

Lyme Disease

Front 65

What carries Lyme disease

Back 65

Ixodes Scapularis the Deer Tick

Front 66

Lyssavirus is what type of virus and what does it caus

Back 66

Lyssavirus, a type of rhabdovirus
causes Rabies