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124 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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flaccid paralysis
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botulism
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spastic paralysis
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tetanus
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spore formers
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clostridium
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breaks down ischemic tissue only
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anaerobic celluitis (clost.)
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breaks down healthy tissue only
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myonecrosis (clost)
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breaks down both healthy and ischemic tissue
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gas gangrene (clost)
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treatment for clost. perfringens histotoxic infections
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hyperbari oxygen, debridement, antitoxins, abs
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clost. difficle can cause?
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colitis due to broad-spectrum abs
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produces toxin when lysogenized by bactriophage
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clost. botulinum and cornyebacteria diptheriae
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causes double vision, dysphagia, aponia, hypo/hyper salivary secretion
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botulism
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metachromatic granules (Babes-ernst)
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Corynebacterium
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toxin can convert to toxoid
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coryne. diphteriae, clost. tetani
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grayish pseudomembrane formed on pharynx, bull neck, headache, sore throat, severe prostration
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Diphtheria
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diagnosed via Schick test and Elek test
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Diphtheria
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need to give antitoxin within 24 hours to be effective
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diptheria
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AKA Rabid Fever
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Tularemia
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mimics flu, pneumonia, bubonic plaque, rickettseal infection
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tularemia
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causes respiratory disease, ulceroglandular, oculoglandular, glandular, and typhoidal
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Francisella tularensis (tularemia)
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type of tularemia that resembles typhoid due to systemic toxiema
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typhodial tularemia
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type of tularemia that has a well demarcated hole in skin with black base that develops , then nodes swell and hurt and spread via lymph
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ulceroglandular tularemia
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oral lesions of tularemia can ressemble?
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ANUG, syphilis, lymphogranuloma venereum, gonorrhea, diptheria
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can ferment carbs
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e.coli, all enteric bacteria
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indicator of fecal contamination (coliform count)
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e.coli
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infantile diarrhea, traveler's diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, extraintestinal diseases
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e. coli
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infantile diarrhea caused by
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enteropathogenic e. coli
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travelers diarrhea caused by
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entertoxigenic e.coli
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hemorrhagic colits caused by
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enterohemorrhagic e.coli
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rice-water stool
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traveler's diarrhea (e.coli), cholera,
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has verotoxin like shigella toxin that inhibits protein synthesis
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e.coli
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identical to shigellosis
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enteroinvasive e.coli
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from bad hamburgers and water parks, severe abdominal cramps, hemorrhagic diarrhea, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, elevated BUN, death from renal failure
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hemorrhagic colits (e.coli)
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usually in KIDs, fecal-oral route, produces enterotoxin (shigatoxin) that inactivates 60S AND endotoxin, bloody diarrhea, dehydration
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Shigella
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not in normnal flora, INVASIVE, Vi ag so can live in phagocyte, O ag, plasmid
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salmonella
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self-limiting colonic infection from contaminated chicken and eggs
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Enterocolitis (Salm. typhimurium)
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Enterocolits, Septicema, Typhoid
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Salmonella
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small infection in deep tissue/bloodstream, toxin like verotoxin and shigatoxin, fever, initial constipation, diarrhea after 2 weeks, hemorrhage, perforation, rash in kids, SLOW recovery, permanent sequellae
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Typhoid (salmonella)
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motile, curved rods, not in normal flora, in water and seafood
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Virbrios
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cholera
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vibiros cholerae
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does not invade, endemic and epidemic, heat labile toxin like e. coli, rice water stool, acidosis, hypovoluemic shock, NO ABS for treatment
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cholera
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explosive diarrhea, self-limiting, halophilic, contaminated seafood
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Vibros vulnificans and V. parahaemolyticus
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motile rods, microaerophilic, contaminated milk, small bowel ulceration, invades mucosa, enterotoxin
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Campylobacter jejuni
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enteric bacteria that can go to bottom of perio pocket
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campylobacter jejuni
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normal gut and ORAL flora, asymp, can cause gastric and duoudenal ulcers, food and water bourne
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H. pylori
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why removed aerorators from clinic sinks
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psudomonas
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motil rods, saprophytic, AKA burkolderia sp., VERY DESTRUCTIVE and ADAPTABLE, AB/DISINFECTANT resistant, procyanin, spreads via septicema
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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produces a blue-green pus
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procyanin of P. aeruginosa
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common in burn and wound patients
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p. aeruginosa
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nonmotile, corrodes agar, in normal gut and ORAL flora, periocoronitis, endocaritis, osetomyelitis
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Eikenella corrodens
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needs long culture and enriched medium and must start treatment emperically!
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anaerobic bacteria
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present as intra-abdominal infections, upper resp infs., pleuropulmonary inf, soft tissue inf, speticema
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anaerobic bacteria infections
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aspirated calculus can cause
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plueropulomnary infections of anaerobic bac. (lung absecesses, necrotizing pneumonia, empyema)
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causes mastoiditis, sinusitis, paratonsillar abscesses, otitis media, and can spread to CNS (brain absecesses traced to perio disease)
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upper resp inf with anaerobic bac
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healthy periodontium contains mostly
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G+ cocci and filaments
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Reversible gingivitis contains
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Prevotella intermeida, Fusobacterium nucleatum, decrease in G+ and increase in G-
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Chronic Adult Periodontitis
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G- ANAEROBE DOMINANT!!!!!
Porphyromonas gingivalis |
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Refractory Periodontal Disease
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Bacteriodes forsythus
Wolinella recta |
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Adult Agressive Periodontitis
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A. actionmycetemcomitans
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ANUG
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fusobacteria
Stress related Poor OHI |
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Localized Juvenile Periodontitis
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A. A DOMINANT
little plaque bone loss in molars andlower ants |
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Preganancy gingivitis
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P. intermedia
hormonal levels are important |
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anaerobic, PROTEOLYTIC, G-, helper organisms provide nutrition for, adhere to other microbes and crevicular epit., have capsule, LPS ENDOTOXIN!, extracellular enxymes
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Porphyromonas gingivalis
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stimulates bone reaborption, induces interleukins, inhibits firboblasts, mitogenic, WEAK
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LPS endotoxin (p. gingivalis and A.A.)
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leukotoxin and chemotaxis inhibitor, LPS, enzymes
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AA
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virus like intracellular obilgate parasites, transverse fission
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Rickettsials
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no glycolytic enzymes, can make atp but not enuff,
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rickettsialias
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Reservoir and vector - arthropods
host - mammals |
rick.
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can cause DIC
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rick.
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Weil-felix immunological cross rxn
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rick/.
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typhus, rocky mtn spotted fever, ehrilichiosis, rickesttisial pox
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rick
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most sereve of typhus group
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epidemic typhus
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in areas of poor OH, VECTOR-lice, 4 stages (stage 3 is worse)
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epidemic typhus
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rash that begins on trunk and spreads to extremeites
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stage 2 epidemic typhus and endemic typhus
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mild form of epidemic typhus from ticks off squirrels, NO RASH
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Sylvan typhus
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aka Brills Disease, reactivation of latent disease, lower mortality rate than epidemic typhus
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Recurrent typhus
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VECTOR - fleas, short course
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endemic typhus
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RESEVOIR - rabbits, small mammels, VECTOR - ticks, sudden onset
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RMSF
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rash that begins on extremities and spreads to trunk
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RMSF
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eschar lesion formed
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RMSF, rick.pox, Lyme disease, mucormycosis nasal cavity involvement
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RESERVOIR - deer, rodents, small mammals, VECTOR - ticks
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Ehrilichiosis
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IMMUNOSUPPRESION, rash in kids, lower mortality than RMSF, intracellular parasites, leukopenia
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ehrilichiosis
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VECTOR - mouse mites
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Rick. pox
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widespread rash, eschar, systemic reactions, lesions become vesicles or pustules, all lesions develop at same rate and time
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rick pox
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VECTOR -ticks, lice , ressembles RIck. diseases, eschar
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Lyme disease
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initial lesion is eschar that moves and is shaped like a target
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Lyme Disease
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meningoencephalitis, neuropathy, myocarditis, musculoskeletal pain, arthalgia, arthiritis
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Lyme Disease
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IC parasite that can NOT make ATP, subclinical persistant infections, person-to-person or animal-to-person
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Clamydia
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life cycle, bacteria takes 2 forms - elementary bodies and reticulate bodies, binary fission
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Clamydia
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trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis, lymphgranuloma venerum, pulmonary infections
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Clamydia trachomatis
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largest cuase of blindness
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tranchoma
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no vector, sudden onset, follicles develop under conjunctival surfaces -- hard lesion--scratch coronea--PANNUS--blindness
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trachoma
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swimming pool conjunctivitis
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inclusion conjunctivitis (clam. trachomatis)
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MILD, self-limiting, adult and neonatal forms, no pannus or scarring, THYGESON bodies in scrapings for dx
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inclusion conjunctivits (clam. trachomatis(
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usually after conjunctivitis and before pneumonia, NO fever, self-limiting, at 1-4mths old
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Neonatal pneumonia (clam. trachomatis)
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most common STD
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nongonococcal urethritis (clam. trancomatis(
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STD, grayish nonpainful ulcer usually on tongue---tongue enalarges---firbrosis---deep grooves on dorsum with zones of intense erythema glossitis OR tongue can have grayish opaque papules and painful to salt and sour
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primary lesion lymphgranuloma venerum (clam. trach)
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painful regional lymphadenitis, abscesses, fistulas, Skin eruptions
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intermediate disease lymphogranuloma venerum (cla.trac)
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esthiomene (chronic ulceration of vuvla), disfiguremnent, regional swelling, systemic reactions, anemia, mental distubances
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later stage disease lymphogranuloma venerum (clam. trach)
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Frei Test
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dx for lymphogranuloma venerum (clam. trah)
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why cant import birds
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claymidia psittaci
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eukaryotic, can take many forms (yeast or mold), NO ACUTE INFECTIONS, non-toxigenic, cell mediated immune response causes disease
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Mycotic infections
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yeast (dimoorphic), cutaneous and mutlisite infections
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candida
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related to chronic maceration, superficial infection that can become systemic, Pediatric and adult forms
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Cutaneous cnadidiasis
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AKA Thrush, white flaky lesions on lips, mucosa and tongue, under lesion have bright red moist mucosa, can spread systemically, neonates
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Acute pediatric cut. candidiasis
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diaper rash, weeping lesions, can become systemic, 6mths
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superficial cut. ped. cut candidiasis
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white, cream colored or gray plagues surrounded by erythema, under lesions is bright inflammed with bleeding points
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subacute cut. candidiasis
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common under dentures!!!
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adult chronic cut candidiaisis
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dry, red mucosa, glossitis with fissures, cracks dry swollen, burning sensation, perleche
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adult chronic cut candidiasis
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fungal infection that can cause blindness
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systemic candidiasis
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RARE, organisims become intracellur, verrucous lesions (WARTS), epithelia hyperplasia, associated with T-dependent immunodifinicies, leukemias, endocrinopathies
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chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
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identical to candidiasis expcept and increased tendency to become systemic
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Geotrichosis
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get from soil , animals, bird droppings, common in AIDs, usually subclinical, capsular apperance
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Histoplasmosis
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slow progression, necrosis, caseation, cavitation, ressembles TB
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Chronic Progressive Pulmonary Histoplasmosis
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focal granuloma that heals with clacification, sudden onset, COUGH, dysnpea, ressembles TB
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Acute Pulmonary Histoplasmosis
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widely dispersed nodular lesions or granulomas, RAPID AND FATAL, large oral ulcerations
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disseminated histoplasmosis
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AKA rose growers disease, appears as rings in tissue, regional infections, cut. and mucosal lesions, ressembes lymphogranuloma venerum
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Sporotrichosis
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thick cell walls, easy to dx becuase takes different forms at different temps
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NA Blastomycosis
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one of the few fungi that make toxin
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Aspergillosis
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caused by inhalation of dust or chicken droppings, FATAL, respiratoy and CNS affects, common in AIDS
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Cyptococcosis
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rapidly progressing, from bread molds, ACIDOTIC DIABETEICS prone to
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mucormucosis
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unilateral headache, face pain, periorbital numbness, blurred vision, ischemia, ulcer
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Cervicofacial Disease mucormysosis
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inhibits realease of Ach therefore causes flaccid paralysis
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botulism
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nodules that spread via lymph
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sporotrichosis, lymphogranuloma venerum, bubonic plaque, ulceroglandular tularemia
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bloody diarrhea
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shigella, hemorrhagic colitis (e.coli), enteroinvasive e.coli, camp. jejuni
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invasive
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e.coli, salmonella, H pylori, Camp. jejuni
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