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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the four types of locomotion
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-chemotaxis -twitching motility -gliding motility |
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define peritrichous
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flagella all over body of cell |
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define polar |
one flagella at one end of cell |
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define lophitrichous |
several flagella at one end of cell |
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define amphitrichous |
one flagella at both ends |
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what are the two main parts to the rotary motor |
-stator |
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what is the rotor made up of |
rod and rings
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what is the stator made up of |
mot proteins |
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what interacts with the PMF
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the MS and C rings |
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what direction does the flagella turn to move forward
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CCW |
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what direction does the flagella turn to move backward
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CW |
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regarding chemotaxis, how do cells sense attractant?
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receptors on CM and phosphorelay system |
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how does the phosphorelay system aid in chemotaxis
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signals are relayed to flagellar motor |
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how many cilia does a eukaryotic cell have
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tons |
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what makes up the structure of euk. flagella
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microtubule doublets |
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how are flagella built in euks?
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from the bottom |
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what special feature does a eukaryotic flagellum have that a bacterial cell does not |
plasma membrane surrounding flagellum |
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what holds the doublets together? |
dymein |
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what does dymein do |
binds to atp and causes a conformational change that makes the flagella bend in a whiplike motion |
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what are the main structures of bacterial flagellum
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basal body, hook, filament |
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what are the main structures of eukaryotic flagellum
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microtubules and plasma membrane |
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what are the main structures of archaeal flagellum |
similar to bacteria but different filament proteins |
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how big are bact. flag. |
14nm |
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how big are euk. flag
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200nm |
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how big are archael flag |
less than 10nm |
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how are bact. flag. assembled |
from the top |
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how are arch. flag. assembled |
from the base |
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what powers bact flag |
PMF |
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what powers euk and arch flag |
ATP |
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what kind of motion does bact. flag have |
rotary |
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what kind of motion does arch flag have |
slower rotary |
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what are the two types of nonflagellar motility |
twitching and gliding |
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what are three characteristics of twitching motility
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-extend and retract to inch along -not very fast |
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what are three characteristics of gliding motility |
-smooth translocation -has evolved many times |
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what is the proposed mechanism of gliding motility
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movement via adhesion of outer surface proteins |
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what is gliding motility powered by |
PMF |
