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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is chimera?
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sequence derived from different organisms at each end
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do not believe the prion hypothesis...
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bc the form of the disease ought to depend on the genetics of the host rather than the disease of the source
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alpha proteobacteria
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caulobacter
rhodomicrobium |
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beta proteobacteria
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neisseria
bordetella thauera |
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delta proteobacteria
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bdelvibrio
desulfovibrio myxococcus |
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gamma proteobacteria
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echerichia
pseudomonas beggiatoa chromatium salmonella |
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epsilon proteobacteria
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campilobacter
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name 2 genera for thermophile
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pyrodictium and methanobacterium
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the 3 major methods of sulfur metabolism are:
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sulfur oxidation
sulfur reduction sulfur respiration |
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what is horizontal transfer?
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the transfer of genes from one organism to another that is not offspring
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firmicutes
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bacillus
clostridium |
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cyanobacteria
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dermocarpa
oscillatoria anabaena prochlorococcus |
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Acitinobacteria
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streptomyces
arthrobacter |
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Euryarchaea
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thermoplasma
pyrococcus halobacterium methanothermobacter |
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Eukaryotes
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giardia
pfeisteria |
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Crenarchaea
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Ignococcus
sulfolobus thermoproteus |
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Planctomycetes
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planctomyces
gemmata kuenenia |
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Thermus/deinococcus group
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thermus
deinococcus |
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Spirochaetes
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triponema
borellia |
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What are the 3 primary evolutionary branches of life?
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Bacteria, Eukarya,, Archaea
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The generation of phylogenetic trees containing all kinds of organisms that lead to the discovery of...
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ARCHAEA
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Herpetosiphon
chlorobium chloroflexus |
genus: Green non-sulfur bacteria
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NOT a way to fix carbon!
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the Knallgas rxn
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About how many bacterial species exist?
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Who knlows??
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Ways to survery microbial population:
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-Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
-terninal restriction fragment length polymorphism -seq lots of clones PCR -FISH(fluorescent in situ hybridization) |
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The big tree of life based on analysis of ssuRna is:
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Objective and Quantitative
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The big tree of life is affected by horizontal transfer in this way...
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NOBODY REALLY KNOWS!
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In the symbiosis between Chlorobium and an uncultured Beta proteobacterium, the Beta proteobacterium provides----------- to chlorobium
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motility and phototaxis
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"Bulking" during waster tx is caused by....
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-filamentus green non-sulfur bacteria
-failure of the sludge flocs to settle |
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The 2 major genera of bacteria
found in human feces in ssuRna molecular phylohgenetic surveys is.... |
BACTEROIDES and CLOSTRIDIUM!!
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The axia fiber of spirochetes is composed of...
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FLAGELLA!
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The major classes of proteobacteria are...
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alpha, beta, delta, gamma, and epsilon
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The phenotypic groups found in the proteobacteria are...
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-Purple photosynthesizers
-Hydrogen oxidizers -Heterotrophs -sulfur oxidizers |
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The Rhodopsins found in halophilic archaea are..
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-proton pumps
-chloride pumps -sensory opsins |
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the electron transport is driven by...
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OXIDATION AND REDUCTION! of nadph, sulfide,
nadph, chlorophyl |
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The microbial community from which thermococcus was isolated was..
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the pink filaments of Octopus Spring!!
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A hydrothermal vent in which all the water is Vaporized before emerging to the surface is...
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FUMAROLE
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A hot spring that only produces steam is a ...
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FUMAROLE!!
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NOT a way an organism can get carbon it needs for its growth...
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Cyclic Photophosphorilation
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Secondary metabolites are produced in ...
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Stationary Phase
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Filamentous Cyanobacteria produce heterocysts so they can physically separate what processes??
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PHOTOSYNHESIS AND NITROGEN FIXATION!
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The Electron Transport Chain does NOT...
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-does not directly generate ATP from ADP and inorganic phospate
-does not exist in every organism |
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Cyclic Photophosphorylation generates...
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A proton gradient for ATP synthesis!
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Which is NOT a mechanism used by bacteria for motility...
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CILIA or CILIATED beating
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Which are NOT important diferences between endospores and the spores of streptomyces?
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-Not important endospores are a result of a developmental process
-Not important the endospore is separated from the Mother cell by separation early in its development |
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Which is NOT a method used by bacteria to fix carbon??
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-not used to fix carbon:
-reverse electron flow -no gas rxn |
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Methods used by bacteria to fix carbon...
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-Calvin Cycle
-the Hydropropionate pathway -reverse TCA cycle |
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Gliding motility is based on the secretion of..
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POLYSACCHARIDE!!
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The heterocysts of filamentous cyanobacteria carry out what process?
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NITROGEN FIXATION!!
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What is the definning characteristic of the gram (+) cell envelope?
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ABSENCE of an outer cell membrane!!
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Issues that thermophiles need to deal with...
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-denaturation of DNA
-denaturation of RNA -denaturation of PROTEIN -small molecule stability |
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The thermophiles do not deal with...
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Low rates of diffusion
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Why is it believed that bacteria have thermophilic ancestry?
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B/C they have
- the deepest branches of the bacterial kingdom and -the archaea are PREDOMINANTLY thermonphilic! |
