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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
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Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileum.
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What is the major site for iron absorption in the small intestine?
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Duodenum
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What is the major site for absorption of folic acid in the small intestine?
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Jejunum
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Where is the important site for absorption of vitamin B12 and bile salts in the small intestine?
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Ileum
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Where are Brunner's glands found?
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In the submucosa, initial portion of the duodenum.
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What do Brunner's glands secrete and why?
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Alkaline mucous to bring intestinal contents to optimal pH for pancreatic enzymes.
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What do the villi look like in the duodenum as compared to the ileum?
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The duodenum villi are "leaf-like", while the ileum villi are "finger-like".
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What are Plicae Circulares?
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Permanent folds of mucosa and submucosa.
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Although found in all areas of the small intestine, plicae circulares is best developed in which section?
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Jejunum, characteristic feature.
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What can be found in the epithelial layer of the mucosa in the small intestine?
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Simple columnar epithelium composed of Goblet cells and microvilli (brush boarder).
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Lymphoid nodules and lacteal can be found in which sub layer of the mucosa?
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Lamina propria
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What can be found between the villi in the lamina propria of the small intestine?
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Intestinal glands, or crypts
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What are the characteristics of absorptive cells?
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Tall columnar cells with apical membrane containing striated brush boarder of densely packed microvilli.
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Goblet cells increase in number from ________ to _________.
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Duodenum to Ileum
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What are M cells?
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Apical surface has many small folds, no microvilli, thought to function as an APC.
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Where are Paneth's cells located?
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Bases of crypts
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How can you recognize a Paneth's cell?
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Recognized by large bright (acidophilic) granules.
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What is the role of Paneth's cells?
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To continuously secrete lysozyme, and enzyme to digest bacterial cell walls.
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What to APUD cells produce?
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Low-molecular weight polypeptides
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Where are undifferentiated stem cells located?
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Near Crypt base
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What is found in the submucosa of the small intestine?
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DICT, Peyer's patches, Brunner's glands
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What 2 muscle layers are found in the muscularis externa?
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Well developed Inner circular and outer longitudinal layers.
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What is the external covering of the Jejunum and Ileum?
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Serosa
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What is the external covering of the Duodenum?
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Both serosa and adventitia
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