Micro Winter 24 Schistosomiasus

Front 1

the "blood flukes" belong to what class of bugs

Back 1

schistosomiases

**disease bc of egg in tissue, NOT the worm

**have male and female worms

Front 2

schistosomiases, what causes the disease

Back 2

the EGGS that are stuck in the tissue, not the worms themselves

**they have distinct male and female

Front 3

where do we see lots of schistosomiasis

Back 3

S america- liver, GI

africa: Liver, GI, urinary

Asia: liver, GI

**distribution reflects the snail vector distribution

Front 4

which schostosomiasis infects humans

Back 4

s haematobium
s mansoni

s japonicum infectios other mammals as reservoir

Front 5

how is schistosomiasis spread

Back 5

water transmission

snail vector

irrigation projects allow expansion of vector

Front 6

what does s haematobium and s mansoni cause

Back 6

schistosomiasis

**Human parasites. S japonicum is NOT human

Front 7

what is the life cycle of schistosomiasus

Back 7

1. penetration of skin by cerecriae
2. schistosomiatis migrate to liver and turn into worms (recall its the egg that causes the damage)
3. worms migrate to mesenteric vessels and bladder
4. worms mature and mate
5. eggs pass through organ wall and are passed in urine/poo
6. eggs harth, larva penetrate snail
7. cercarinea are released from snail to reinfect ppl

Front 8

what are hte phases of schistosomiasis

Back 8

1. Migratory: allergic skin reactions related to cercarial entry

2. Acute: worm migration and egg release

3. Chronic: host response to egg in tissues. fibrosis of tissue

Front 9

where do the worms migrate for ...

1. s mansoni
2. s japoncium
3. s haematobrium

Back 9

1. s mansoni: mesenteric BV
2. s japoncium: mesenteric BV
3. s haematobrium: bladder venules

Front 10

tell me about the migratory phase of schistosomiasis infection

Back 10

happens in reponse to cereia entering the skin

generalized manifestations related to tisse migration/worm maturation

peripheral venous circulation, heart/liver/lungs --> hepatic portal circulation --> mesenteric venules or urinary (s haematobrium)

Front 11

in the acute phase of schostosomiasis infection where does the cercarial travel

Back 11

1. peripheral venous circulation

2. heart, liver, lungs

3. hepatic portal circulation

4. mesenteric venules (mansoni, japoncium) urinary venules (haematobrium)

Front 12

what is katayma syndrome

Back 12

associated with schistosomiasis

onset related to schostosomulas and egg deposition, nocturnal fever, cough, myalgia, HA, abd tenderness.

Front 13

what are the clinical manifestations of schostosomiasis infection called. its related to the migrating schistosomules and egg deposition- fever at night, HA, cough, abd tenderness

Back 13

katayama syndrome

Front 14

tell me about the acute phase of schistosomiasis

Back 14

1. egg production and lots of AG release (can do 1 of 1 things. 1 eggs carried by hepatic portal circulation to enter liver and itssues or the series of the following)

2. immune complex recruit PMN, eosionophiles, macros

3. pseudotubercle formation (fibrous granuloma w/lymph, fibroblasts, giant cells)

Front 15

what phase of schostosomiasis is being described

Back 15

1. some eggs enter hepatoc portal circulation and get stick in liver, lung

2. most eggs recruit PMN, lymphs, fibroblasts etc. recall in schisto its the eggs that cause the problems

Front 16

whats the chonic phase of schisto like

Back 16

fibrosis bc of eggs in tissues

mansoni- enteric so bloody diarrhea
haematobium- bladder cancer

can get irreversible organ failure
chronic bacteremia w/samonella is common

Front 17

what 2 bacterial infection is common in the chronic phase of schisto infection

Back 17

salmonella

Front 18

do adults stim an immune response

Back 18

nope

**grnaulation of schisto is elicited by EGGS

The granuloma formation elicited by the eggs in the different viscera is the cause of all the clinical and pathologic manifestations of schistosomiasis

Front 19

what role does this play in schisto infection

IL7
TNF

Back 19

IL7- promote worm growth

TNF- stim egg production

Front 20

how does a schistosome egg granuloma form

Back 20

type IIII HS rxn (CD4 T cell dependent)

faster if site was previsouly sensitized

initial microabcess allows egg mvmt into lumen of viscera

IL7- stim adult worm growth
TNF stim egg production

Front 21

would mansoni schisto or haematobium cause hepatosplenomegaly

Back 21

mansoni infects GI and liver, the other is bladder


Mansoni schistosomiasis: emaciation, ascites and engorgement of collateral circulation --> death

Front 22

s japonicum has various mammalian reservoir hosts, does this mean that it does not infect human?

Back 22

nope, it infects humans still

liver and GI

Front 23

is the following associated with S mansomi, japonicum, haematobium

generalized granuloma
hepatic fibrosis and portal HTN
bladder cancer

Back 23

granuloma: japonicum

portal fibrosis: mansoni

bladder cancer: haematobium

**all are associated with salmonella
**all are caused bt the EGG

Front 24

in what schosti infection is hematuria seen

Back 24

haematobium, infects bladder, see increased bladder cancer too

Front 25

how is schisto dx

Back 25

1. geography, clinical

2. eggs in poo/pee

**as you progress into chronic infection there is egg entrapment and fewer eggs get to the pee and poo. we need to concentrate the sample, do a biopsy or US

Front 26

schisto tx

Back 26

praziquantel

persuade masses of uneducated poor ppl to change the way they shower

control snail populaiton

Front 27

whats cercarial dermatitis

Back 27

swimmers itch

**disease can be due to cercariae spp or animal schostosomes. usually bird orgin

Front 28

what is cercarial dermatitis associated with

Back 28

swimmers itch, freshwater, brackish water, salt water. increased risk if you swim near vegetation


all species,

Front 29

what does swimmers itch need to infect

Back 29

infected water bird as well as suitable snail intermediate adn a host like us

Front 30

whats the life cycle of hte bird schisto that causes swimmer itch

Back 30

1. intermediate host, snail

2. larva, cercariae

3. human or the definitive host- water bird

4. from water bird --> eggs, --> larva --> snail

Front 31

if you have cercariae stuck in the epidermic --> allergic reaction what schisto is doing on

Back 31

swimmers itch

((intence itching, erythema, maculopapular rash --> vesicles

**systemic infection is RARE, but common to get pustule bc of secondary infection

Front 32

how is swimmers itch dx

Back 32

clinical: bite looking things mistaken for chiggers or mosquitos

legs are common site of lesion

Epidemiology

Front 33

how can you prevent swimmers itch

Back 33

dry off asap, dont swim near vegetation

dont encourage water fowel, keep shore clear of rosks/stones, use snail killer when possible