Micro Unit 6 Exam

Front 1

Herpes Labialis

Back 1

Herpesvirus

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Varicella

Back 2

Herpesvirus

Front 3

Infectious Mononucleosis

Back 3

Herpesvirus

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Genital Herpes

Back 4

Herpesvirus

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German Measles

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Rubivirus

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Red Measles

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Morbillivirus

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Common Cold

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Rhinovirus

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Influenza

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Influenza virus

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Common Cold Syndrome

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Pneumovirus

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Mumps

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Paramyxovirus

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Infectious Hepatitis

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Enterovirus

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Poliomyelitis

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Enterovirus

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Serum Hepatitis

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Hepadnavirus

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HCV

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None

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HDV

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None

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HEV

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None

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HFV, HGV, HHV

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Research ongoing

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AIDS

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Lentivirus

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Rabies

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Lyssavirus

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Fungi Diseases

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EA

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Dermatomycosis

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Epidermophyton, Microsporum, Trichphyton

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Candidiasis

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Candida albicans

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Histoplasmosis

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Histoplasma capsulatum

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Cryptococcosis

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Cryptococcus neoformans

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Pneumocystosis

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Pneumocystis carinii

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Protozoan Diseases

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EA

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Amoebiasis

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Entamoeba histolytica

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Giardiasis

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Giardia lamblia

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Trichomoniasis

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Trichomonas vaginalis

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Malaria

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Plasmodium malariae, P. vivax, P. falciparum, P. ovale

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Protozoa have no cell wall

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Eukaryote

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2. Unicellular

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(singular)

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3. 2-Stage Lifecycle

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a. Cyst- non-motile, non-feeding stage cannot be killed by chlorine. (Live long time & will become a Troph)

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b.

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Trophozoite (Troph)- motile & feeding stage

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Kingdom Protista Classification

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Based on motility & medical importance

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1. Sarcodina

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Amoeba-like, Pseudopodia, Ex. Entamoeba histolytica

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2. Mastigophora

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Flagella Ex. Giardia lamblia

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3. Ciliphora

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Cilia Ex. Balantidium coli

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4. Sporozoa

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No motility; uses RBC’s, Ex. Plasmodium

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Fungi

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Domain: Eukaryote Kingdom: Fungi or Myceteae

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1. Eukaryotes

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Fugi

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2. Mycelium

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Large group of hyphae (fuzzy mold growing on top, composed of Hyphae

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3. Hyphae

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Thin filament, that separates walls

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4. Two Groups:

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Macroscopic & Microscopic

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a. Macroscopic

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Mushrooms

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b. Microscopic

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Thick cell walls

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1.

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Yeast- single or unicellular & have pseudohyphae

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2.

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Molds- Multicellular & true hyphae (septated molds)

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5.

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Aerobic Chemoheterotroph

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6. Saprobes

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Harmless fungi

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7. Mycosis

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Disease causing fungi

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8. Reproduction occurs asexually

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Sporangiosprores or conidia

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Or sexually

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Spores, basis for classification of Fungi into Phylum

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4 True Phylum of & organization based on :

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sexual spore type

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Phylum Classification of

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Fungi

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1. Zygomycota

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Zygospores Ex. Rhizopus

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2. Ascomycota

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Ascospores Ex. Histoplasma

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3. Basidiomycota

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Basidiospores Ex. Cryptococcus neoformans

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4. Deuteromycota

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No sexual spores Ex. Candida albicans

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DNA

Back 60

Herpes labialis

Front 61

DNA

Back 61

Varicella

Front 62

DNA

Back 62

Infectious Mononucleosis (HAV)

Front 63

DNA

Back 63

Serum Hepatitis (HBV)

Front 64

DNA

Back 64

Genital Herpes

Front 65

RNA

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German Measles

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RNA

Back 66

Red Measles

Front 67

RNA

Back 67

Common cold

Front 68

RNA

Back 68

Influenza

Front 69

RNA

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Common cold syndrome

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RNA

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Mumps

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RNA

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Infectious Hepatitis

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RNA

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Non-A, Non-B, Hepatitis (HCV)

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RNA

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AIDS

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RNA

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Poliomyelitis

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RNA

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Rabies

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Defective RNA

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Hepatitis D

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Unclassified RNA

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Non-A, Non-B, Non-C, Hepatitis E (HEV)

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Research ongoing

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HFV, HGV, HHV

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1. Viral Classification

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a. Genetic makeup

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Viral Classification

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b. Chemical Composition

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Viral Classification

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c. Structure of the virus

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2. Acellular

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( no cells)

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3. Non-living

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until it enters host

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4. Virion-

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fully formed extra-cellular particle that is virulent

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5. Viewed by:

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x-ray crystallography or electron microscope(used now)

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6. 2 Main components:

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Head & Tail

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a. Head

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Stores nucleic acid

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i. central core

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consists of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)

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ii. Capsid head

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Is composed of capsomers (protein subunits & provides protection)

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Capsid has 2 shapes:

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1. Helical (rod shapes connected side by side)

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2.

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2. Icosahedral- 3D, 20 sided polygon w/ 12 evenly spaced corners

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iii. Envelope (optional equip)

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Lipids, proteins, & carbs., w/o an envelope it’s called a naked virus

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iv. Spikes

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Are a protein protrusion that has to have an envelope, point of attachment

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b. Tail

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Nucleic acid is shoved through the collar, sheath, tail pins& injected into the bacteria

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i. Sheath

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Body tube is inside & is a connector to the bacteria

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ii. Tail pins (Base)

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Anchors to the bacteria

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iii. Tail fibers

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1.Lower the tail pins to the surface of bacteria

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2.

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2. Puncture bacteria cell wall, balance on the cell wall & bacteria

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3.

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Sheath contracts

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4.

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Nucleic acid moves from acid to body tube opening in the cell wall, accessing the bacteria.

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7. Bacteriophage Replication, 2 phases:

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Lytic Phase & Lysogen phase

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a. Lytic Phase

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Occurs every 45min.

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i. Adsorption

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Attaching

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ii. Penetration

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Entrance of nucleic acid into the host

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iii. Replication

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Viral nucleic acid joins w/host nucleic acid, & host is producing viral heads & tails or components

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iv. Maturation

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Heads & tails are put together into whole virus

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v. Release

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Host cell will explode & release Bacteriophage, kills the bacteria

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b. Lysogenic Phase

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Temperate or dormant Bacteriophage-(unknown time)

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i. Adsorption

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Attaching

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ii. Penetration

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Entrance of nucleic acid into the host

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iii. Penetration

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Viral nucleic acid joins w/host nucleic acid, goes dormant, then into prophage state, then activates into replication.

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iv. Maturation

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Heads & tails are put together into whole virus

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v. Release

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Host cell will explode & release Bacteriophage, kills the bacteria

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8. Animal Virus Reproduction

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Occurs in 6-36 hours

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a. Adsorption

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Attaching, there is no tail!

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b. Penetration 3 types:

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Endocytosis, Direct Fusion, & Non Envelope

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i. Endocytosis

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1. Whole virus engulfed in the host vacuole, along the edge of membrane. Ex. Herpes virus

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2.

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In the vacuole are enzymes that dissolve the viruses Capsid, envelope, & nucleic acid; causing the virus to be uncoated virus.

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3.

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Viral nucleic acid escapes & goes into the host